{"id":235,"date":"2025-10-17T23:47:27","date_gmt":"2025-10-17T15:47:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sdb.org.hk\/120thcomingchina\/?page_id=235"},"modified":"2025-10-18T00:19:23","modified_gmt":"2025-10-17T16:19:23","slug":"%e7%ac%ac%e4%b9%9d%e7%ab%a0-%e6%be%b3%e9%96%80%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b0%e5%ad%a4%e5%85%92%e9%99%a2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.sdb.org.hk\/120thcomingchina\/?page_id=235","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u00a0 \u6fb3\u9580\u7684\u65b0\u5b64\u5152\u9662"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\n\t\t\t\u300a\u70ba\u7f8a\u6368\u751f\u7684\u5584\u7267\u300b\t<\/h1>\n\t

\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u00a0 \u6fb3\u9580\u7684\u65b0\u5b64\u5152\u9662<\/strong><\/p>\n

1912-1918<\/p>\n

\u300c\u5341\u516d\u67f1\u300d<\/b><\/p>\n

1913 \u5e74\uff0c \u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u6642\u5e38\u5f37\u8abf\u6703\u58eb\u5011\u6240\u505a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c \u4ed6\u66fe\u63d0\u53ca\u5169\u4f4d\u4fee\u58eb\u548c\u4e00\u4f4d\u795e\u7236\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u803f\u5176\u5149\u795e\u7236\uff08Ignazio Canazei\uff09 \u548c\u53f8\u5f92\u5ec9\u4fee\u58eb\uff08Giuseppe Sturm\uff09\uff0c \u6211\u5011\u4fbf\u77e5\u9053\u6240\u6709\u65bc 1912 \u5e74 12 \u6708 6 \u65e5\u62b5\u9054\u6fb3\u9580\u7684\u6703\u58eb\uff1b\u4ed6\u5011\u6216\u88ab\u6d3e\u5f80\u9999\u5c71\u50b3\u6559\uff0c\u6216\u88ab\u6d3e\u5f80\u6fb3\u9580\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8461\u570b\u9769\u547d\u5f8c\uff0c\u6fb3\u9580\u653f\u5e9c\u9812\u4f48\u4e86\u6cd5\u4ee4\uff0c\u51c6\u8a31\u5916\u7c4d\u5b97\u6559\u4eba\u58eb\u7559\u5728\u7576\u5730\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u5df2\u7a7a\u7f6e\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u64d4\u5fc3\u653f\u5e9c\u6703\u5c07\u5b83\u6539\u4f5c\u8ecd\u71df\uff0c\u6545\u6fb3\u9580\u4e3b\u6559\u5e0c\u671b\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u58eb\u518d\u6b21\u7ba1\u7406\u90a3\u9593\u5b64\u5152\u9662\uff0c\u4e26\u5df2\u6e96\u5099\u5728\u8ca1\u653f\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u8cc7\u52a9\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u7576\u5c40\u4e5f\u8868\u793a\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u84ec\u52c3\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u6a5f\u69cb\u80fd\u7d66\u9019\u500b\u8461\u570b\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5e36\u4f86\u7e41\u69ae\u3002<\/p>\n

1911 \u5e74 11 \u6708\uff0c \u91d1\u4ee5\u7fa9\u795e\u7236\u548c\u694a\u6625\u5ff1\u795e\u7236\u5f9e\u610f\u5927\u5229\u4f86\u5230\u6fb3\u9580\u3002(1) 1912 \u5e74 9 \u6708 14 \u65e5\uff0c\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u91cd\u65b0\u958b\u653e\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u5169\u5e74\u524d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u56de\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u5f88\u9ad8\u8208\uff01\u52a0\u4e0a\u65b0\u4f86\u7684\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u7e3d\u5171\u6709 60 \u591a\u4eba\uff0c\u8207\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u95dc\u9589\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u76f8\u82e5\u3002(2)<\/p>\n

\u6700\u521d\u7684\u7121\u539f\u7f6a\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u662f\u6559\u5340\u4fee\u9662\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u6240\u623f\u5b50\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u5b83\u592a\u5c0f\u4e86\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u5c55\u958b\u4efb\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u88ab\u9010\u51fa\u6fb3\u9580\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6fb3\u9580\u4e3b\u6559\u5df2\u7d66\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u58eb\u5011\u5b89\u6392\u4e86\u4e00\u9593\u66f4\u5927\u3001\u66f4\u5408\u9069\u7684\u623f\u5c4b\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u5341\u516d\u67f1\u300d\u3002(3) \u5609\u8afe\u6492\u4fee\u5973\u5011\u66fe\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u5c45\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e26\u7d93\u71df\u4e00\u6240\u5973\u5b50\u5b78\u6821\u3002\u9019\u9593\u623f\u5c4b\u4e0d\u4f46\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u524d\u65b9\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u5927\u7247\u7a7a\u5730\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u64cd\u5834\uff0c\u6216\u8208\u5efa\u5176\u4ed6\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u3002 1912 \u5e74\uff0c\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u58eb\u5c31\u5728\u9019\u9593\u623f\u5c4b\u91cd\u65b0\u958b\u8fa6\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u4e8b\u5148\u4ed6\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u82b1\u5f88\u591a\u5de5\u592b\u53bb\u88dd\u4fee\u548c\u6539\u52d5\u3002(4)<\/p>\n

\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u548c\u53e6\u5916\u4e09\u4f4d\u795e\u7236\uff0c\u8981\u540c\u6642\u7167\u9867\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u548c\u9999\u5c71\u7684\u50b3\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

1913 \u5e74\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u4eba\u6578\u589e\u81f3 80 \u4eba\uff1b 1914 \u5e74\u6642\u66f4\u589e\u81f3 120 \u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u50b3\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\u8207\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u540c\u6642\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u70ba\u50b3\u64ad\u5929\u4e3b\u7684\u795e\u570b\u800c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u50b3\u6559\u5340\u5c07\u5b64\u5152\u3001\u68c4\u5152\u6216\u8ca7\u7aae\u5152\u7ae5\u9001\u5230\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u63a5\u53d7\u516c\u6559\u6559\u80b2\uff1b\u800c\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u57f9\u80b2\u4ed6\u5011\u5f8c\uff0c\u53c8\u628a\u4ed6\u5011\u9001\u56de\u50b3\u6559\u5340\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6559\u53cb\u548c\u50b3\u9053\u54e1\u3002\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u548c\u8cc0\u9053\u884c\u795e\u7236\u5f9e\u50b3\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u958b\u59cb\uff081911 \u5e74 5 \u6708 8 \u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u7d93\u6b77\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u96d6\u4f4f\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5b8c\u5168\u964c\u751f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u5169\u500b\u6fb3\u9580\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u7684\u820a\u751f\u966a\u540c\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u5e38\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300c\u795e\u7236\uff0c\u5e36\u6211\u53bb\u6fb3\u9580\u5427\uff01\u300d<\/b><\/p>\n

1913 \u5e74 11 \u6708\uff0c\u9999\u5c71\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u4e00\u6240\u4f4f\u5b85\u88e1\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u8ca7\u7aae\u7684\u5973\u6155\u9053\u8005\u5e36\u8457\u4e09\u500b\u5e74\u5e7c\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u4f86\u898b\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u3002\u5979\u7d50\u5a5a\u5e7e\u5e74\u5f8c\u4fbf\u6210\u4e86\u5be1\u5a66\uff0c\u907a\u4e0b\u4e00\u540d\u5152\u5b50\uff1b\u70ba\u4e86\u7dad\u751f\uff0c\u5979\u9078\u64c7\u518d\u5a5a\uff0c\u4e26\u751f\u4e86\u53e6\u5916\u5169\u500b\u5b69\u5b50\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u4e08\u592b\u66fe\u7b54\u61c9\u5979\u6703\u6536\u7559\u524d\u592b\u6240\u751f\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e26\u975e\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u90a3\u5b69\u5b50\u7576\u6642\u5341\u6b72\uff0c\u537b\u904e\u8457\u6d41\u6d6a\u4e5e\u8a0e\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u6190\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u4e00\u898b\u5230\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\uff0c\u4fbf\u62b1\u4f4f\u4ed6\u7684\u817f\uff0c\u54c0\u6c42\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u300c\u795e\u7236\uff0c\u5e36\u6211\u53bb\u6fb3\u9580\u7684\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u5427\u3002\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u500b\u58de\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u6703\u505a\u4e00\u500b\u6559\u53cb\uff0c\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u300d\u63a5\u8457\uff0c\u4ed6\u54ed\u4e86\u8d77\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5118\u7ba1\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u5df2\u7d93\u7206\u6eff\uff0c\u4f46\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u4ecd\u7136\u6536\u7559\u4e86\u4ed6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u61b6\u8ff0\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6bcf\u6b21\u6211\u8d70\u5230\u64cd\u5834\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u90fd\u6703\u9ad8\u8208\u5730\u8dd1\u904e\u4f86\u554f\u6211\uff1a\u4f60\u53bb\u4e86\u54ea\u88e1\uff1f\u4f60\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u4f60\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6642\u5019\u7d66\u6211\u65bd\u6d17\u5462\uff1f\u300d(5)<\/p>\n

\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u7d93\u5e38\u767c\u751f\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c 1912 \u5e74\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u7684 60 \u540d\u5b78\u751f\u3001 1913 \u5e74\u7684 80 \u540d\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca 1914 \u5e74\u7684 120 \u540d\u5b78\u751f\u90fd\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u53ca\u5176\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u611b\u5fb7\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u85c9\u5b69\u5b50\u53bb\u8d0f\u53d6\u5bb6\u5ead<\/b><\/p>\n

\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u65bc 1914 \u5e74 10 \u6708 24 \u65e5\u5beb\u7d66\u6b50\u57f9\u62c9\u795e\u7236\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u300c\u7531\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u9001\u4f86\u7684\u5916\u6559\u4eba\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u6703\u512a\u5148\u7372\u5f97\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u53d6\u9304\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u8207\u5bb6\u4eba\u5011\u7d50\u4ea4\u670b\u53cb\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u3002\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u70ba\u5b69\u5b50\u5011\u6240\u505a\u7684\u5584\u4e8b\u8d0f\u5f97\u4e86\u5bb6\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5bb6\u4eba\u5011\u4e5f\u6703\u9818\u6d17\u5165\u6559\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u5011\u53bb\u5e74\u70ba 12 \u540d\u5b78\u751f\u65bd\u6d17\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u4e5f\u5728\u5b78\u7fd2\u8981\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u6e96\u5099\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u4eca\u5e74\u4e5f\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u5e7e\u4e4e\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5……\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u63a5\u7d0d\u66f4\u591a\u61f7\u8457\u5584\u610f\u524d\u4f86\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u6703\u6709\u591a\u5927\u7684\u6536\u7a6b\u554a\uff01\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5730\u5340\u653f\u5e9c\u90fd\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u6a02\u610f\u4f86\u53c3\u89c0\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6a5f\u69cb\uff0c\u4e26\u76e1\u6240\u80fd\u7684\u4f86\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u3002\u300d(6)<\/p>\n

\u6fb3\u9580\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6210\u529f<\/b><\/p>\n

\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4e2d\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5c0a\u91cd\u6211\u5011\u3002\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53bb\u9999\u5c71\u7684\u9996\u5e9c\u77f3\u6b67\u9060\u8db3\u6642\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u7576\u5730\u9577\u5b98\u7684\u76db\u60c5\u6b3e\u5f85\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8d77\u521d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u751a\u4e86\u89e3\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4f86\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u5f8c\u4f86\u898b\u5230\u6211\u5011\u958b\u6717\u548c\u71b1\u8aa0\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b78\u751f\u5011\u6eab\u6587\u6709\u79ae\u7684\u8209\u6b62\uff0c\u4fbf\u8acb\u4e86\u5b78\u751f\u5011\u5403\u4e86\u4e00\u9813\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u98ef\uff0c\u4e26\u9080\u8acb\u5168\u9ad4\u6559\u5e2b\u548c\u4ed6\u4e00\u8d77\u5403\u98ef\u3002(7)<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6a02\u968a\u7e3d\u6703\u589e\u6dfb\u71b1\u9b27\u7684\u6c23\u6c1b\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u773e\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u53d7\u5230\u6574\u500b\u5ee3\u6771\u7701\u7684\u91cd\u8996\uff0c\u4e26\u88ab\u9080\u53c3\u52a0\u8a31\u591a\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u6c11\u9593\u7684\u6176\u795d\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6bd4\u8cfd\u4e2d\u90fd\u7372\u5f97\u7b2c\u4e00\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6fb3\u9580\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u91d1\u5c71\u5e02\u6709\u4e00\u6240\u5b78\u6821\u6b63\u5728\u6176\u795d 25 \u5468\u5e74\u6821\u6176\uff0c\u6176\u5178\u5341\u5206\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6bd4\u6b50\u6d32\u9084\u8981\u597d\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6a02\u968a\u4e5f\u6f14\u594f\u5f97\u5f88\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u8d0f\u5f97\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u7684\u638c\u8072\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7576\u6176\u795d\u6703\u7684\u7bc0\u76ee\u5b8c\u7d50\u5f8c\uff0c\u9084\u8209\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u5834\u9ad4\u64cd\u6bd4\u8cfd\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7684\u968a\u4f0d\u7387\u5148\u51fa\u5834\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u82b1\u6a23\u767e\u51fa\uff0c\u8868\u6f14\u7cbe\u5f69\uff0c\u8d0f\u5f97\u4e86\u71b1\u70c8\u7684\u638c\u8072\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u90a3\u4e9b\u96a8\u5f8c\u8868\u6f14\u7684\u968a\u4f0d\u6709\u4e9b\u6d29\u6c23\u3002\u300d(8)<\/p>\n

\u660e\u667a\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u6cd5<\/b><\/p>\n

\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u63a5\u8457\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u9805\u610f\u898b\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u4e2d\uff0c\u61c9\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u6709\u6642\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u5f37\u8feb\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3001\u6e34\u671b\u548c\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u5f37\u5236\u4ed6\u5011\u670d\u5f9e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4fbf\u6703\u5f88\u5feb\u7684\u9003\u907f\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u653e\u68c4\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u597d\u7684\u4eba\u969b\u4ea4\u5f80\u539f\u5247\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u4e3b\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u6703\u8ddf\u6211\u5011\u6e9d\u901a\uff0c\u4e26\u958b\u59cb\u559c\u6b61\u6211\u5011\u3002\u300d(9)<\/p>\n

\u7136\u5f8c\uff0c\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u63d0\u53ca\u4e86\u8461\u570b\u9769\u547d\u524d\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u7b2c\u4e00\u671f\u5b78\u751f\u5011\u7684\u611f\u6069\u4e4b\u60c5\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u53c8\u8b1b\u8ff0\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u4e26\u5f15\u7528\u4e86 1914 \u5e74\u300c\u9662\u9577\u7bc0\u300d\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u9019\u500b\u9662\u9577\u7bc0\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e74\u7d00\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u9752\u5e74\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u52d5\u5730\u6e96\u5099\u7684\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4e0d\u88ab\u9577\u4e0a\u5011\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u4f46\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u5e6b\u52a9\u548c\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u72a7\u7272\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u61f7\u8457\u8d64\u5b50\u4e4b\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f86\u6176\u795d\u9019\u500b\u9662\u9577\u7bc0\u3002(10)<\/p>\n

\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u4f4d\u6148\u7236\u6559\u5c0e\u4e0b\u7684\u9752\u5e74\uff0c\u80fd\u6709\u5982\u6b64\u654f\u611f\u7684\u5fc3\u9748\u662f\u4e0d\u8db3\u70ba\u5947\u7684\u3002\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u88e1\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u6642\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b49\u660e\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6ef2\u900f\u4eba\u5fc3<\/b><\/p>\n

1915 \u5e74\u7684\u9032\u6559\u4e4b\u4f51\u77bb\u79ae\uff0c\u6709\u516d\u500b\u5b78\u751f\u9818\u6d17\uff1a\u5176\u4e2d\u5169\u5144\u5f1f\u4f86\u81ea\u4e00\u500b\u5091\u51fa\u7684\u5927\u5bb6\u5ead\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u906d\u9047\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u7684\u4e0d\u5e78\u5f8c\uff0c\u7236\u89aa\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u8ca7\u56f0\u548c\u4e00\u7121\u6240\u6709\uff0c\u4fbf\u628a\u4ed6\u5011\u8a17\u4ed8\u7d66\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u3002\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u5c0d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u5f88\u4ec1\u6148\uff0c\u5c31\u6536\u7559\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u4e5f\u582a\u7a31\u6a21\u7bc4\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u592a\u7fd2\u6163\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6a02\u610f\u5b78\u7fd2\u4e00\u9580\u624b\u85dd\uff0c\u8207\u540c\u5b78\u5011\u6109\u5feb\u5730\u4e00\u8d77\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u89ba\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u9ad8\u4eba\u4e00\u7b49\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u4ed6\u5011\u4ecd\u662f\u5916\u6559\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u8654\u656c\u5730\u53c3\u52a0\u71b1\u5fc3\u795e\u529f\uff0c\u4e26\u60f3\u5b78\u7fd2\u6559\u6703\u9053\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u5e74\u5feb\u7d50\u675f\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8981\u6c42\u9818\u6d17\u3002\u4f46\u7acb\u5373\u63a5\u53d7\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u592a\u660e\u667a\u3002\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u653e\u5047\u671f\u9593\u7576\u4ed6\u5011\u548c\u5bb6\u4eba\u4e00\u8d77\u5728\u5bb6\u751f\u6d3b\u6642\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u662f\u5426\u771f\u8aa0\u548c\u5805\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u5d07\u62dc\u5076\u50cf\u7684\u5916\u6559\u4eba\u3002\u5169\u500b\u7cbe\u660e\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u6240\u6709\u5d07\u62dc\u5076\u50cf\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u5728\u9069\u7576\u7684\u6642\u5019\u96e2\u958b\uff0c\u7576\u79ae\u5100\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\u624d\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6709\u9019\u5169\u500b\u7d30\u5c0f\u7684\u53cd\u53db\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5bb6\u88e1\u7684\u6c23\u6c1b\u986f\u5f97\u6709\u4e9b\u7dca\u5f35\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u9019\u5bb6\u4eba\u8981\u62dc\u796d\u7956\u5148\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u7236\u89aa\u628a\u4ed6\u5011\u9396\u5728\u4e00\u9593\u5c4b\u5b50\u88e1\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u9003\u4e0d\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u63a5\u8457\uff0c\u7236\u89aa\u6293\u4f4f\u5927\u5152\u5b50\u7684\u624b\u81c2\uff0c\u5f37\u8feb\u4ed6\u5728\u7956\u5148\u7684\u9748\u53f0\u524d\u8dea\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u4e5d\u6b72\u7684\u5c0f\u5152\u5b50\u5247\u9003\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u89d2\u843d\u88e1\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7236\u89aa\u7f75\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u4f60\u5011\u7adf\u6562\u8f15\u8996\u6211\u548c\u7956\u5148\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u55ce\uff1f\u300d<\/p>\n

\u300c\u7238\u7238\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7684\uff01\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u611b\u4f60\uff0c\u6211\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u70ba\u4f60\u5411\u5929\u7236\u7948\u79b1\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u300c\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u4f60\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u62dc\u796d\u7956\u5148\uff0c\u800c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u773e\u4eba\u90fd\u53d7\u8a5b\u5492\u5462\uff1f\u300d<\/p>\n

\u300c\u7238\u7238\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7684\uff01\u795d\u798f\u8207\u5e78\u904b\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u5929\u4e3b\u3002\u6211\u5011\u82e5\u5f97\u7f6a\u7942\uff0c\u600e\u80fd\u671f\u671b\u7942\u964d\u798f\u6211\u5011\u5462\uff1f\u300d<\/p>\n

\u300c\u53ef\u662f\u8ddf\u4f60\u4e00\u8d77\u4e0a\u5b78\u7684\u54e5\u54e5\u5df2\u7d93\u540c\u610f\u4e86\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u300c\u54e6\uff0c\u7238\u7238\uff0c\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u540c\u610f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u88ab\u8feb\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6211\u4e0d\u60f3\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u807d\u4e86\u5f1f\u5f1f\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u54e5\u54e5\u4e5f\u54ed\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5f1f\u5f1f\u8aaa\u51fa\u4e86\u4ed6\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u8a71\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f9e\u90a3\u5929\u8d77\uff0c\u7236\u89aa\u4e0d\u518d\u5f37\u8feb\u4ed6\u7684\u5169\u500b\u5152\u5b50\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u66fe\u5411\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u8b1b\u8ff0\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e26\u540c\u610f\u8b93\u5b69\u5b50\u5011\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u4f5c\u51fa\u9078\u64c7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u518d\u7b49\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u624d\u5141\u8a31\u4ed6\u5011\u63a5\u53d7\u6d17\u79ae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f1f\u5f1f\u554f\uff1a\u300c\u795e\u7236\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u6c92\u6709\u9818\u6d17\u537b\u9762\u81e8\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u767c\u751f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u300d<\/p>\n

\u300c\u6211\u6703\u99ac\u4e0a\u7d66\u4f60\u4ed8\u6d17\u3002\u4f46\u82e5\u4f60\u7a81\u7136\u6b7b\u53bb\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u9818\u6d17\u610f\u9858\u5df2\u8db3\u5920\u4e86\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u8056\u6bcd\u9032\u6559\u4e4b\u4f51\u77bb\u79ae\u5feb\u8981\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9019\u662f\u7d66\u5b78\u751f\u5011\u65bd\u6d17\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u500b\u5144\u5f1f\u5805\u6301\u8981\u9818\u6d17\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u537b\u53cd\u5c0d\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4f60\u5011\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u90fd\u662f\u8654\u8aa0\u7684\u5916\u6559\u4eba\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u5011\u751f\u6c23\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u96e3\u9053\u4e0d\u6703\u62cb\u68c4\u4f60\u5011\u55ce\uff1f\u300d<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u5011\u5169\u500b\u90fd\u54ed\u4e86\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5f1f\u5f1f\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u8056\u6bcd\u6703\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u7684\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u54e5\u54e5\u4e5f\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u5982\u679c\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u8acb\u795e\u7236\u505a\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7236\u89aa\u5427\uff01\u300d<\/p>\n

\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u5f88\u611f\u52d5\u5730\u8868\u793a\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u4e26\u88dc\u5145\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u597d\u597d\u6e96\u5099\u5427\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6708\u5c31\u5230\u4e86\u3002\u4e0a\u4e3b\u5fc5\u6703\u4fef\u807d\u4f60\u5011\u7684\u7948\u79b1\uff0c\u9858\u8056\u6bcd\u4fdd\u4f51\u4f60\u5011\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u5169\u500b\u5b69\u5b50\u5f88\u9ad8\u8208\u5730\u96e2\u958b\u4e86\u3002\u63a5\u8457\u4ed6\u5011\u7a4d\u6975\u5730\u6e96\u5099\uff0c\u5728\u9818\u6d17\u524d\u7684\u4e09\u5929\u9000\u7701\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8868\u73fe\u5f97\u50cf\u5929\u795e\u822c\u7684\u8654\u8aa0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u5728\u8056\u6bcd\u9032\u6559\u4e4b\u4f51\u77bb\u79ae\u90a3\u5929\u9818\u6d17\u548c\u521d\u9818\u8056\u9ad4\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u6e05\u695a\u770b\u5230\u4e0a\u4e3b\u7684\u6069\u5bf5\u8c50\u5bcc\u5730\u964d\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u5f9e 5 \u6708 24 \u65e5\u5230\u4eca\u5929\uff08 6 \u6708 20 \u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u53c3\u8207\u5f4c\u6492……\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u5929\u4e3b\u7684\u6069\u5bf5\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u800c\u8056\u795e\u5e38\u4f4f\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5fc3\u88e1\u3002\u300d(11)<\/p>\n

\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5973\u5b30<\/b><\/p>\n

\u6148\u5e7c\u50b3\u6559\u5340\u6240\u9047\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u9053\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u5bb6\u5ead\u56e0\u8ff7\u4fe1\u6216\u8ca7\u56f0\u800c\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5973\u5b30\u3002<\/p>\n

\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u65bc 1912 \u5e74 6 \u6708 24 \u65e5\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u8ca9\u8ce3\u5973\u5b30\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e26\u4e0d\u7f55\u898b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u751a\u81f3\u9023\u6559\u53cb\u4e5f\u6703\u9019\u6a23\u505a\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6c92\u6709\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u52c7\u6c23\u62b5\u6297\u91d1\u9322\u7684\u9700\u8981\u548c\u8a98\u60d1\u4e86\u3002\u300d(12)<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u8b1b\u8ff0\u5169\u500b\u59ca\u59b9\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff1a\u4e00\u500b 12 \u6b72\uff0c\u4e00\u500b 15 \u6b72\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u6b63\u5728\u6155\u9053\uff0c\u4f46\u6559\u53cb\u7236\u6bcd\u56e0\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u9700\u8981\u800c\u628a\u5979\u5011\u8ce3\u6389\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6309\u50f9\u683c\u628a\u5979\u5011\u8d16\u56de\uff0c\u5225\u7121\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5979\u5011\u5411\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u6c42\u6551\uff0c\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u5c31\u628a\u5979\u5011\u8d16\u56de\uff0c\u4e26\u7d66\u5979\u5011\u4ed8\u6d17\u3002<\/p>\n

\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u63a5\u8457\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u9858\u4e0a\u4e3b\u6fc0\u52f5\u4e00\u4e9b\u8654\u8aa0\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u628a\u9019\u4e9b\u53ef\u6190\u7684\u9748\u9b42\uff0c\u5f9e\u9b54\u9b3c\u624b\u4e2d\u62ef\u6551\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u9019\u9805\u547c\u7c72\u520a\u767b\u5728 1912 \u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u6703\u520a\u300b\u4e0a\uff0c\u7acb\u523b\u5f97\u5230\u5f9e\u6cd5\u570b\u53ca\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5bc4\u4f86\u7684\u91d1\u9322\u8cc7\u52a9\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u4e0d\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u62ef\u6551\u5169\u500b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56db\u500b\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5973\u5b69\u3002\u5979\u5011\u88ab\u5b89\u7f6e\u5728\u6fb3\u9580\u5609\u8afe\u6492\u4fee\u5973\u7684\u5b78\u6821\u88e1\u8b80\u66f8\uff0c\u4e26\u63a5\u53d7\u4fe1\u4ef0\u57f9\u80b2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4ee5\u5f8c\u7684\u5e7e\u5e74\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u884c\u52d5\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u7e7c\u7e8c\u3002 1916 \u5e74 5 \u6708 2 \u65e5\uff0c\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u5beb\u4fe1\u7d66\u7e3d\u6703\u9577\u6b50\u57f9\u62c9\u795e\u7236\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u62ef\u6551\u5973\u5b69\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ecd\u5728\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6bcf\u500b\u6708\u90fd\u80fd\u62ef\u6551\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u5973\u5b69\u3002\u300d(13)<\/p>\n

\u9662\u9577\u3001\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u53ca\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b<\/b><\/p>\n

1914 \u5e74\uff0c\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u6709\u516d\u4f4d\u795e\u7236\u548c\u4e94\u4f4d\u4fee\u58eb(14)\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u53ca\u50b3\u6559\u5340\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5206\u7d66\u4ed6\u5011\uff0c\u4e26\u4fdd\u6301\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u628a\u9999\u5c71\u7684\u50b3\u6559\u4e8b\u696d\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u500b\u5340\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u59d4\u8a17\u7d66\u694a\u6625\u5ff1\u795e\u7236\u3001\u8cc0\u9053\u884c\u795e\u7236\u548c\u803f\u5176\u5149\u795e\u7236\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u8ca0\u8cac\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u7e7c\u7e8c\u7167\u9867\u9019\u50b3\u6559\u5340\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u53bb\u63a2\u8a2a\uff1b\u4e26\u4ee5\u6148\u7236\u7684\u611b\u5fc3\u53bb\u5e36\u9818\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u3002(15)<\/p>\n

\u6eab\u666e\u4ec1\u795e\u7236\uff08Giovanni Guarona\uff09\u65bc 1915 \u5e74 7 \u6708 1 \u65e5\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u50b3\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f88\u6709\u6210\u6548\uff0c\u6b63\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u53d6\u5f97\u9032\u5c55\u3002\u4eca\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6709\u8457\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4ee4\u4eba\u5b89\u6170\u7684\u7688\u4f9d\u3002\u6211\u5011\u767c\u89ba\u5728\u65b0\u6559\u5f92\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4ee4\u4eba\u6b23\u559c\u7684\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u4e2d\u570b\u7267\u5e2b\u548c\u4e00\u500b\u6559\u5e2b\u7688\u4f9d\u4e86\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u90fd\u6210\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7684\u50b3\u9053\u54e1\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u61c9\u6b78\u529f\u65bc\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u3001\u8cc0\u9053\u884c\u795e\u7236\u548c\u803f\u5176\u5149\u795e\u7236\u7684\u4f7f\u5f92\u71b1\u5ff1\u3002\u300d(16)<\/p>\n

1915 \u5e74 10 \u6708\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u6fb3\u9580\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u7684\u820a\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u5df2\u4e0d\u6577\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u5728\u4e00\u4f4d\u6069\u4eba\u7684\u6177\u6168\u8cc7\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u89aa\u81ea\u52d5\u624b\u8208\u5efa\u4e00\u5e62\u4e09\u5c64\u9ad8\u7684\u5927\u6a13\uff0c\u6709\u5bec\u655e\u7684\u5bbf\u820d\u3001\u5de5\u5834\u3001\u9580\u5eca\u548c\u64cd\u5834\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u7e2b\u7d09\u548c\u9020\u978b\u5de5\u5834\u5916\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u9084\u8a2d\u6709\u5370\u5237\u3001\u91d8\u88dd\u548c\u9644\u5c6c\u65bc\u7e2b\u7d09\u548c\u9020\u978b\u5de5\u5834\u4e00\u8655\u5c0f\u578b\u7684\u505a\u8cb7\u8ce3\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u30021916 \u5e74\u6709 130 \u540d\u5b78\u751f\uff0c1917 \u5e74\u6709 140 \u540d\uff0c1919 \u5e74\u6709 200 \u540d\u3002(17)<\/p>\n

\u5ee3\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u7684\u795e\u4fee\u5c0e\u5e2b<\/b><\/p>\n

\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u9999\u5c71\u50b3\u6559\u5340\u7684\u9577\u4e0a\u548c\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6fb3\u9580\u5b64\u5152\u9662\u7684\u9662\u9577\u548c\u6148\u7236\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u9084\u62bd\u51fa\u6642\u9593\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u795e\u4fee\u6307\u5c0e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6eab\u666e\u4ec1\u795e\u7236\u5f9e 1913 \u5e74\u81f3 1930 \u5e74\u4e00\u76f4\u8ddf\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4ed6\u8b49\u5be6\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4ed6\u662f\u6700\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u7684\u795e\u4fee\u5c0e\u5e2b\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u8981\u4f5c\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u72a7\u7272\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u5f9e\u4e0d\u62d2\u7d55\u5c65\u884c\u53f8\u9438\u7684\u8077\u52d9\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u7121\u6cd5\u53d7\u60e0\u65bc\u4ed6\u6307\u5c0e\u7684\u4fe1\u53cb\u548c\u4fee\u6703\u5718\u9ad4\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u611f\u5230\u5f88\u53ef\u60dc\u3002\u300d(18)<\/p>\n

\u7562\u5c11\u61f7\u795e\u7236\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4ed6\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5e74\u6fb3\u9580\u795e\u8077\u4eba\u54e1\u548c\u5609\u8afe\u6492\u4fee\u5973\u7684\u795e\u5e2b\u3002\u4ed6\u807d\u6559\u53cb\u544a\u89e3\uff0c\u4f7f\u6559\u53cb\u7372\u5f97\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u795e\u76ca\u3002\u5e7e\u6642\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u6642\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u611f\u5230\u53ef\u60dc\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u544a\u89e3\u4ead\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u6700\u591a\u6559\u53cb\u53bb\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u300d(19)<\/p>\n

\u7e7c\u9b91\u7406\u8afe\u4e3b\u6559\u4efb\u6fb3\u9580\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u9ad8\u82e5\u745f\u6a1e\u6a5f\uff08Jos\u00e9 da Costa Nunes\uff09\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u62b5\u9054\u6fb3\u9580\uff081903 \u5e74\uff09\u53ea\u662f\u5e7e\u5e74\uff0c\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u58eb\u4fbf\u4f86\u5230\u4e86\u3002\u96f7\u9cf4\u9053\u795e\u7236\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u9577\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u8ddf\u4ed6\u95dc\u4fc2\u5bc6\u5207\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u656c\u91cd\u53ca\u6b23\u8cde\u4ed6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5177\u6709\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u548c\u53f8\u9438\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u6211\u7684\u544a\u89e3\u795e\u5e2b……\u6211\u5f88\u77ad\u89e3\u4ed6\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u56f0\u96e3\u548c\u9806\u5883\u6642\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u3002\u6211\u898b\u5230\u4ed6\u65bc 1906 \u5e74\u62b5\u9054\u6fb3\u9580\u6642\uff0c\u628a\u82a5\u5b50\u7a2e\u5728\u5730\u88e1\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u5df2\u9577\u6210\u4e86\u5927\u6a39\u3002\u4ed6\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u9ad8\u5c1a\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u70ba\u52d5\u529b\uff0c\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6709\u8457\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u6709\u8457\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u96a8\u6642\u6e96\u5099\u6b61\u8fce\u90a3\u4e9b\u5411\u4ed6\u5c0b\u6c42\u5efa\u8b70\u548c\u5e6b\u52a9\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u56b4\u683c\uff0c\u5c0d\u4ed6\u4eba\u53cb\u5584\u3002\u4ed6\u8654\u8aa0\u71b1\u5fc3\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u8207\u5929\u4e3b\u5951\u5408\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u6fb3\u9580\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b……\u4ed6\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u5c0f\u5802\u662f\u7948\u79b1\u4e4b\u6240\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6559\u53cb\u5011\u7684\u8654\u8aa0\u548c\u71b1\u5fc3……\u7576\u4eba\u5011\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u5c07\u96e2\u958b\u6fb3\u9580\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5ee3\u6771\u50b3\u6559\u5340\u7684\u9577\u4e0a\u6642\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u57ce\u5e02\u4e5f\u50b7\u5fc3\u8d77\u4f86……\u6bcf\u6b21\u4ed6\u8fd4\u56de\u6fb3\u9580\uff0c\u57ce\u4e2d\u7684\u6559\u53cb\u90fd\u6703\u8dd1\u53bb\u63a2\u671b\u4ed6\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u7576\u4ed6\u88ab\u5347\u70ba\u4e3b\u6559\u6642\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u8208\u3002\u300d(20)<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u5f92\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6cc9\u6e90<\/b><\/p>\n

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1908 \u5e74 7 \u6708 12 \u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5beb\u4fe1\u7d66\u83ef\u9053\u89d2\u6176\u79ae\u9662\u7684\u9662\u9577\u746a\u57fa\u7d22\u795e\u7236\uff08Secondo Marchisio\uff09\uff0c\u8acb\u4ed6\u5728\u9752\u5e74\u4e2d\u63a8\u884c\u300c\u7d14\u6f54\u8005\u7684\u5b97\u5f92\u5de5\u4f5c\u300d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7d44\u7e54\u4e00\u4e9b\u826f\u597d\u9752\u5e74\u7684\u5c0f\u7d44\uff0c\u70ba\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u9818\u8056\u9ad4\u3001\u53c3\u8207\u5f4c\u6492\u3001\u884c\u5584\u529f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u7948\u79b1\u4e2d\u5f7c\u6b64\u806f\u7e6b\u3002<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\"\u70ba\u7f8a\u6368\u751f\u7684\u5584\u7267\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\"P__\u9801\u9762_18\"\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\"P__\u9801\u9762_19\"\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\"\u70ba\u7f8a\u6368\u751f\u7684\u5584\u7267-30\"\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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