{"id":442,"date":"2020-01-23T09:31:41","date_gmt":"2020-01-23T01:31:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sdb.org.hk\/sanctity\/?p=442"},"modified":"2026-01-23T11:08:02","modified_gmt":"2026-01-23T03:08:02","slug":"%e5%8f%af%e6%95%ac%e5%ae%89%e5%be%b7%e8%82%8b%e2%80%a7%e7%99%bd%e5%be%b7%e7%be%8e%e7%a5%9e%e7%88%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sdb.org.hk\/sanctity\/?p=442","title":{"rendered":"\u53ef\u656c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u2027\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u795e\u7236"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\t\t\t\t\"ABeltrami2\"\n\t\u51fa\u751f\u5730<\/strong>
\n\u610f\u5927\u5229 \u5967\u723e\u5854\u6e56\u7554 \u5967\u7f8e\u826f\n\u51fa\u751f\u65e5\u671f<\/strong>
\n1870\u5e746\u670824\u65e5\n\u53bb\u4e16\u65e5\u671f<\/strong>
\n1897\u5e7412\u670830\u65e5\n

\u4eab\u5e74\uff1a<\/strong>27<\/p>\n\u8eab\u4efd
\n<\/strong>\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u58eb, \u4f5c\u5bb6\n\u5217\u54c1\u6848\u958b\u59cb\u65e5\u671f<\/strong>
\n1920\u5e747\u6708\n\u88ab\u7a31\u53ef\u656c\u8005\u65e5\u671f<\/strong>
\n1966\u5e74\n\n\t

<\/h3>\n

\u8056\u5316\u75db\u82e6<\/h3>\n

\u53ef\u656c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u2027\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u795e\u7236
\nVenerable Fr. Andrew Beltrami
\n(1870-1897)<\/h1>\n

\u7ae5\u5e74\u751f\u6d3b<\/h2>\n

\u5bb6\u5ead\u751f\u6d3b<\/h3>\n

\u5967\u7f8e\u826f(Omegna)\u662f\u500b\u4f4d\u65bc\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5317\u90e8\u5967\u723e\u5854\u6e56\u7554(Lake Orta)\u7684\u5c0f\u93ae\uff0c\u666f\u8272\u5982\u756b\u3002\u4e00\u516b\u4e03\u96f6\u5e74\u516d\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u65e5\uff0c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u2027\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u51fa\u751f\uff0c\u662f\u5341\u500b\u5b69\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u9577\u5b50\u3002\u4ed6\u7236\u89aa\u5b89\u591a\u5c3c(Anthony)\u662f\u500b\u8aa0\u5be6\u52e4\u596e\u7684\u5546\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8654\u8aa0\u7684\u5929 \u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u6df1\u53d7\u93ae\u4e0a\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002\u6bcd\u89aa\u4f73\u7433(Catherine)\u4e5f\u662f\u500b\u8654\u656c\u7684\u5973\u58eb\uff0c\u89aa\u81ea\u990a\u80b2\u5b50\u5973\u9577\u5927\u6210\u4eba\u3002\u5979\u6bcf\u5929\u7948\u79b1\uff0c\u7948\u6c42\u5929\u4e3b\u5be7\u53ef\u53ec\u56de\u5979\u7684\u5b50\u5973\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u9577\u5927 \u5f8c\u6210\u70ba\u5931\u843d\u4fe1\u5fb7\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u6027\u60c5\u9b6f\u83bd\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u9b27\u60e1\u4f5c\u5287\u60f9\u9ebb\u7169\uff0c\u4e0d\u807d\u5225\u4eba\u7684\u52f8\u963b\u3002\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u7684\u8001\u5e2b\u5c0d\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u518d\u958b\u9019\u7a2e\u73a9\u7b11\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e3b\u4e0d\u6703\u5e36\u4f60\u5230\u5929\u5802\u53bb\u3002\u300d\u4ed6\u7acb\u5373\u7b54\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5230\u8056\u6bcd\u90a3 \u88e1\u53bb\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u300c\u4f60\u8a8d\u70ba\u8056\u6bcd\u6703\u5e6b\u4f60\u9019\u7a2e\u9811\u7ae5\u55ce\uff1f\u300d\u300c\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u6211\u4fbf\u53bb\u627e\u8056\u985e\u65af\uff0c\u544a\u8a34\u4ed6\u6211\u8981\u50cf\u4ed6\u90a3\u9ebc\u5584\u826f\uff0c\u4ed6\u6703\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u7684\u3002\u300d\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u5341\u6b72\u6642\u521d\u9818\u8056\u9ad4\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e5f\u9818\u53d7\u5805\u632f\u8056\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u5b78\u751f\u6daf<\/h3>\n

\u5eb7\u8fea\u66f8\u9662\uff1a<\/strong>\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u4fee\u7562\u5c0f\u5b78\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5165\u8b80\u5967\u7f8e\u826f\u7684\u5eb7\u8fea\u66f8\u9662(Conti College)\u7684\u65e5\u6821\u73ed\u3002\u9019\u70ba\u4ed6\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u5e78\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u6240\u5b78\u6821\u4ee5\u4e16\u4fd7\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u98a8\u6c23\u6b20\u4f73\u3002\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u6b63\u8655\u65bc\u6700\u6613\u53d7\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u5e74\u9f61\uff0c\u591a\u6b21\u56e0\u770b\u5230\u540c\u4f34\u4e0d\u8ca0\u8cac\u7684\u653e\u7e31\u884c\u70ba\u800c\u611f\u5230\u9707\u9a5a\u3002\u5e78 \u597d\uff0c\u6eab\u826f\u7684\u6bcd\u89aa\u7d66\u4ed6\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4f7f\u9019\u65e9\u719f\u548c\u6d3b\u6f51\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u514d\u65bc\u8aa4\u5165\u6b67\u9014\u3002\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u512a\u9ede\u3002\u4ed6\u6027\u683c\u7387\u76f4\u8aa0\u5be6\uff0c\u662f\u5c31\u8aaa\u662f\uff0c\u975e\u5c31\u8aaa\u975e\uff0c\u4e0d\u559c\u6b61\u865b\u507d\u548c\u8868\u88e1\u4e0d\u4e00\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u4ed6 \u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u512a\u9ede\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u611b\u8b77\u8ca7\u82e6\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u70ba\u7aae\u4eba\u5132\u4e0b\u7a4d\u84c4\uff0c\u4e00\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u4fbf\u8208\u9ad8\u91c7\u70c8\u5730\u4f48\u65bd\u7d66\u4ed6\u5011\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51b7\u7167\u7684\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u5b78\u6821\uff1a<\/strong>\u4ed6\u5728\u5eb7\u8fea\u66f8\u9662\u7684\u5b78\u5e74\u7d50\u675f\u6642\uff0c\u6210\u7e3e\u512a\u826f\u3002\u9019\u500b\u9752\u5e74\u975e\u5e38\u8070\u660e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7236\u6bcd\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u5165\u8b80\u66f4\u597d \u7684\u5b78\u6821\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u300a\u6148\u9752\u901a\u8a0a\u300b(Salesian Bulletin)\u7684\u5fe0\u5be6\u8b80\u8005\uff0c\u5f9e\u96dc\u8a8c\u5f97\u77e5\u51b7\u7167(Lanzo)\u6709\u4e00\u6240\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u675c\u6797\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8b93\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u5728\u4e00\u516b\u516b\u4e09\u5e74\u79cb\u5b63\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u65b0\u5b78\u5e74\u5165\u8b80\u9019\u6240\u5b78\u6821\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u516b\u516b\u4e09\u5e74\u5341\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u65e5\uff0c\u5e74\u9752\u7684\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u62b5\u9054\u51b7\u7167\u3002\u4ed6\u9810\u611f\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u65b0\u968e\u6bb5\u5c07\u8981\u5c55\u958b\u3002\u9019\u88e1\u6709\u6d3b\u8e8d\u7684\u9918\u6687\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u5e2b\u751f\u95dc\u4fc2\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u89aa\u5207\u7684\u300c\u665a\u8a13\u300d\uff0c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u5f88\u559c\u6b61\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb \u4fbf\u9069\u61c9\u904e\u4f86\u3002\u6578\u5929\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5beb\u4fe1\u7d66\u7236\u6bcd\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u559c\u6b61\u9019\u6240\u5b78\u6821\u3002\u6211\u8877\u5fc3\u611f\u8b1d\u4f60\u5011\u70ba\u6211\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u300d\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e26\u975e\u4e8b\u4e8b\u5982\u610f\u3002\u6578\u5929\u5f8c\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u7d00\u5f8b\u7684\u6559\u52d9\u4e3b\u4efb\u8cac\u5099\u4ed6\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u795e\u4fee\u4e8b \u5b9c\u7684\u8a13\u5c0e\u4e3b\u4efb\u4e5f\u52f8\u4ed6\u52e4\u9818\u8056\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u5f37\u610f\u5fd7\u3002\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u52a0\u5165\u8056\u9ad4\u5584\u6703(Sodality of the Blessed Sacrament)\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u5718\u9ad4\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u4e5f\u5b78\u61c2\u8b39\u5b88\u9662\u898f\uff0c\u4e26\u57f9\u990a\u4f7f\u5f92\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u9818\u5c0e\u624d\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u5728\u51b7\u7167\u9996\u5e74\uff0c\u5df2\u5728\u540c\u4f34\u9593\u64d4\u4efb\u9818\u5c0e\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n

\u54c1\u5fb7\u57f9\u80b2\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u51b7\u7167\uff0c\u8056\u6bcd\u656c\u79ae\u662f\u9752\u5e74\u795e\u4fee\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u5949\u737b\u7d66\u8056\u6bcd\uff0c\u4ea6\u9818\u4e86\u8056\u8863\u3002\u51b7\u7167\u6703\u9662\u6709\u512a \u79c0\u7684\u9577\u4e0a\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u7531\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236\u89aa\u81ea\u57f9\u8a13\uff0c\u800c\u9b91\u8056\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8996\u54c1\u5fb7\u57f9\u80b2\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5e38\u5f15\u7528\u672c\u96c5\u660e\u2027\u5bcc\u862d\u514b\u6797(Benjamin Franklin)\u53ca\u97cb\u514b\u6258\u2027\u827e\u6cd5\u5229(Victor Alfieri)\u7b49\u5049\u4eba\u4f5c\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6307\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5049\u5927\u4e0d\u50c5\u5728\u65bc\u624d\u667a\u904e\u4eba\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u56b4\u8b39\u5584\u7528\u6642\u9593\u548c\u5177\u5099\u5805\u5f37\u610f\u5fd7\u3002\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u5728\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u5b78\u6821\u5b78\u7fd2\u8a31\u591a\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u300c\u5584\u7528\u6642\u9593\u300d (Serva Tempus)\u3001\u300c\u5168\u60c5\u6295\u5165\u300d(Age Quod Agis)\u7b49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u8ab2\u5802\u7d55\u4e0d\u6d6a\u8cbb\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u73a9\u6a02\u6642\u4e5f\u5168\u60c5\u6295\u5165\u5404\u7a2e\u904a\u6232\u3002\u4ed6\u96e2\u958b\u5b78\u6821\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u9577\u4e0a\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u96e2\u958b\u51b7\u7167\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u611f\u5230\u6240\u6709\u5a1b\u6a02\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4eba\u7269\u4e5f\u96e2\u958b \u4e86\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5b78\u6821\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u640d\u5931\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u8f49\u8b8a\uff1a<\/strong>\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4f7f\u5e74\u9752\u7684\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u771f\u6b63\u6539\u8b8a\u904e\u4f86\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4ed6\u56de\u5bb6\u5ea6\u6691\u5047\u6642\uff0c\u6bcd\u89aa\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5e7e\u4e4e\u8a8d\u4e0d\u51fa\u4ed6\u3002\u9019\u4e00 \u5e74\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u771f\u5927\u554a\uff01\u4ed6\u990a\u6210\u597d\u7fd2\u6163\uff0c\u6309\u6642\u6563\u6b65\u3001\u5be6\u8e10\u71b1\u5fc3\u795e\u5de5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u95b1\u8b80\u5f88\u591a\u66f8\u3002\u300d\u5c0f\u93ae\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u4e5f\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c0d\u5144\u5f1f\u548c\u53cb\u4f34\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u8056\u53ec<\/h2>\n

1. \u4e0d\u4f5c\u6559\u5340\u53f8\u9438<\/h3>\n

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\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u5b78\u671f\u5c07\u8fd1\u7d50\u675f\uff0c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u8207\u9662\u9577\u6842\u9054\u5967\u795e\u7236(Fr. Guidazio)\u898b\u9762\u3002\u795e\u7236\u6148\u7965\u5730\u8046\u807d\u9019\u500b\u9752\u5e74\u7684\u8aaa\u8a71\u5f8c\uff0c\u5e36\u4ed6\u5230\u7a97\u65c1\u773a\u671b\u64cd\u5834\uff0c\u628a\u64cd\u5834\u7684\u60c5\u666f\u6307\u7d66\u4ed6\u770b\u3002\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u770b\u898b\u5e7e\u500b\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u795e\u7236\u8eab\u7a7f\u9577\u888d\uff0c\u6372\u8d77\u8863\u8896\uff0c\u6eff\u982d\u5927\u6c57\uff0c\u53e6\u6709\u5e7e\u500b \u4fee\u751f\u5e36\u9818\u6578\u4ee5\u767e\u8a08\u55a7\u9b27\u6d3b\u6f51\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u73a9\u800d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u73a9\u5f97\u8208\u9ad8\u91c7\u70c8\uff0c\u770b\u5f97\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u5165\u8ff7\u4e86\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5e74\u9752\u7684\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u6703\u58eb\u975e\u5e38\u8271\u82e6\uff0c\u4f46\u503c\u5f97\u6548\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u96e2\u958b\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5c0d\u9662\u9577\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u60f3\u901a\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u8981 \u4f5c\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u6703\u58eb\uff01\u300d\u4ed6\u4e0d\u518d\u7336\u8c6b\uff0c\u5beb\u4fe1\u544a\u77e5\u6bcd\u89aa\u4ed6\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002\u6bcd\u89aa\u56de\u4fe1\u8aaa\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4ed6\u6301\u4e4b\u4ee5\u6046\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6642\u885d\u52d5\uff0c\u5979\u4e0d\u6703\u53cd\u5c0d\u4ed6\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9762\u5c0d\u56f0\u96e3<\/h3>\n

\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u8ffd\u96a8\u8056\u53ec\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e26\u975e\u4e00\u5e06\u98a8\u9806\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u5beb\u4fe1\u7d66\u795e\u5e2b\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n

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\u300c\u6211\u662f\u5bb6\u4e2d\u9577\u5b50\uff0c\u7372\u5f97\u773e\u4eba\u5bf5\u611b\u3002\u6211\u5abd\u5abd\u9996\u6b21\u807d\u5230\u6211\u6709\u610f\u52a0\u5165\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u6642\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u54ed\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u5176\u5f8c\uff0c\u6069\u5bf5\u4f7f\u5979\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u5979\u7e3d\u662f\u9f13\u52f5\u6211\u2026\u2026\u6211\u7238\u7238\u5728\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u523b\u53cd\u53e3\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u6211\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u6211 \u53ea\u597d\u75db\u82e6\u5730\u8207\u5abd\u5abd\u4e00\u540c\u96e2\u5bb6\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u7236\u89aa\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u540c\u610f\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u7684\u8056\u53ec\u4e26\u4e0d\u5e73\u51e1\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u8a8d\u540c\u70ba\u4ed6\u64b0\u5beb\u50b3\u8a18\u7684\u5df4\u5229\u58eb\u795e\u7236(Fr. Barberis)\u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u2027\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u662f\u5929\u4e3b\u8cdc\u7d66\u65e9\u671f\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u73cd\u8cb4\u79ae\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56de\u5bb6\u6b61\u5ea6\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u5047\u671f<\/h3>\n

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2.\u3000\u521d\u5b78\u751f\u6d3b<\/h3>\n

\u79d1\u5229\u4f50<\/h3>\n

\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u7684\u5047\u671f\u7d50\u675f\u5f8c\uff0c\u5728\u6bcd\u89aa\u966a\u540c\u4e0b\u62b5\u9054\u521d\u5b78\u9662\uff0c\u6bcd\u89aa\u628a\u4ed6\u4ea4\u8a17\u7d66\u9577\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e26\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u795e\u7236\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u72a7\u7272\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u6a02\u65bc\u5949\u737b\u3002\u8acb\u4f60\u57f9\u80b2\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u6210\u70ba\u8056\u6f54\u7684\u53f8\u9438\uff0c\u4e26\u70ba\u6211\u7948\u79b1\uff0c\u4f7f \u6211\u80fd\u59a5\u5584\u5730\u990a\u80b2\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u3002\u6211\u4eca\u751f\u5225\u7121\u6240\u6c42\u4e86\u3002\u300d\u9019\u756a\u8a71\u986f\u793a\u4e86\u771f\u6b63\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6bcd\u89aa\u7684\u60c5\u61f7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u521d\u5b78\u9662\u525b\u5de7\u9077\u79fb\u5230\u675c\u6797\u6578\u54e9\u5916\u7684\u6751\u838a\u79d1\u5229\u4f50(Foglizzo)\u3002\u4fee\u6703\u5728\u6578\u9031\u524d\u8cfc\u5165\u4e00\u5ea7\u7834\u820a\u8352\u5ee2\u7684\u5b85\u90b8\uff0c\u6539\u88dd\u70ba\u521d\u5b78\u9662\uff0c\u5bb9\u7d0d\u767e\u591a\u4f4d\u521d\u5b78\u751f\u548c\u8077\u54e1\u3002\u4e00\u516b\u516b\u516d\u5e74\u5341\u4e00\u6708\u516d \u65e5\uff0c\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236\u5230\u6b64\u4e3b\u6301\u6388\u4e88\u6703\u8863\u5178\u79ae\uff0c\u559c\u898b\u9019\u5ea7\u65b0\u521d\u5b78\u9662\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6e05\u8ca7\u523b\u82e6\u3002\u90a3\u88e1\u53ea\u6709\u5e7e\u5f35\u6905\u5b50\uff0c\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u8cd3\u5ba2\u770b\u8457\u521d\u5b78\u751f\u628a\u6905\u5b50\u5f9e\u5ba2\u5ef3\u642c\u5230\u8056\u5802\uff0c\u7531\u8056\u5802\u79fb\u81f3\u9910 \u5ef3\uff0c\u518d\u7531\u9910\u5ef3\u79fb\u81f3\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u63a5\u5f85\u8cd3\u5ba2\uff0c\u89ba\u5f97\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u807d\u5230\u9b91\u8056\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5f88\u9ad8\u8208\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u597d\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u521d\u5b78\u671f\u7b2c\u4e00\u968e\u6bb5<\/h3>\n

\u521d\u5b78\u5e2b\u7336\u5229\u2027\u5df4\u57f9\u7406\u601d(Julius Barberis)\u662f\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236\u7684\u77e5\u5df1\u3002\u9b91\u8056\u66fe\u8ac7\u8ad6\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u5f88\u5c11\u4eba\u50cf\u5df4\u57f9\u7406\u601d\u822c\u77ad\u89e3\u6211\u3002\u300d\u65e9\u5728\u7336\u5229\u5341\u56db\u6b72\u6642\uff0c\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236\u5df2\u5c0d\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5011\u6c38\u9060\u662f\u670b\u53cb\u2026\u2026\u4f60\u5c07\u8981\u4f5c\u6211\u7684\u52a9 \u624b\u3002\u300d\u4ed6\u662f\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u9996\u4f4d\u51fa\u4efb\u521d\u5b78\u5e2b\u7684\u6703\u58eb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6230\u52dd\u81ea\u6211\uff1a<\/strong>\u5df4\u57f9\u7406\u601d\u795e\u7236\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u81ea\u52a0\u5165\u521d\u5b78\u9662\u9996\u5929\uff0c\u4fbf\u958b\u59cb\u8a8d\u771f\u5c0d\u5f85\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u4ed6\u4e26\u975e\u505a\u4e8b\u6f2b\u7121\u76ee\u6a19\u7684 \u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u6703\u5f97\u904e\u4e14\u904e\u3002\u4ed6\u505a\u4e8b\u5fc5\u6709\u6e05\u6670\u76ee\u6a19\u2026\u2026\u4ed6\u8207\u6211\u9996\u6b21\u4ea4\u8ac7\u6642\uff0c\u8b19\u905c\u5730\u61c7\u8acb\u6211\u5118\u7ba1\u7cfe\u6b63\u4ed6\uff0c\u4e26\u8aaa\u4ed6\u6703\u8877\u5fc3\u611f\u6fc0\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u611b\u5fb7\u884c\u52d5\u3002\u9019\u4f4d\u5e74\u9752\u521d\u5b78\u751f\u6b63\u662f\u6191\u8457\u6b64\u7b49\u76f4\u7387\u548c\u8b19\u905c\u7684 \u884c\u70ba\u7372\u5f97\u7121\u6578\u6069\u5bf5\uff0c\u5e36\u9818\u4ed6\u9081\u5411\u6210\u5168\u3002\u300d\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u52aa\u529b\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u884c\u52d5\u90fd\u51fa\u65bc\u5b8c\u5168\u7d14\u6b63\u7684\u610f\u5411\uff0c\u4ed6\u6027\u60c5\u50be\u5411\u6211\u884c\u6211\u7d20\uff0c\u6210\u7e3e\u7e3d\u662f\u540d\u5217\u524d\u8305\u3002\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u5225\u4eba\u6b23\u8cde\u4ed6\u7684\u624d\u667a\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u512a\u9ede\u3002\u9664 \u4e86\u9060\u8f03\u540c\u4f34\u51fa\u8272\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u52aa\u529b\u5149\u69ae\u5929\u4e3b\uff0c\u6d3b\u51fa\u8056\u8a60\u79b1\u6587\uff1a\u300c\u4e0a\u4e3b\uff0c\u5149\u69ae\u4e0d\u8981\u6b78\u65bc\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u6b78\u65bc\u6211\u5011\uff01\u53ea\u9858\u5149\u69ae\u5b8c\u5168\u6b78\u65bc\u4f60\u7684\u8056\u540d\u3002\u300d(\u8a60115:1)\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u5728\u5176\u9748\u4fee\u65e5\u8a18 \u7684\u9996\u5e7e\u7bc7\uff0c\u5beb\u4e0b\u9019\u500b\u5fd7\u5411\uff1a\u300c\u7121\u8ad6\u6211\u5728\u5b78\u696d\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u6b78\u529f\u65bc\u5929\u4e3b\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u4e5f\u5728\u65e5\u8a18\u4e0a\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u6e05\u695a\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u795e\u4fee\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u969c\u7919\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9a55\u50b2\u3002\u6211\u6703\u52aa\u529b\u514b\u670d\u5b78\u696d\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9a55\u50b2\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u6703\u8ac7\u8ad6\u81ea\u5df1\uff1a\u5728\u53c3\u52a0\u5a1b\u6a02\u6d3b\u52d5\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u6703\u907f\u514d\u56fa\u57f7\u5df1 \u898b\u2026\u2026\u9818\u8056\u9ad4\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u6703\u71b1\u5207\u53ca\u5805\u5b9a\u5730\u7948\u6c42\u9019\u500b\u5fb7\u884c\u3002\u6211\u6700\u559c\u611b\u7684\u77ed\u7d93\u5c07\u662f\uff1a\u300e\u826f\u5584\u5fc3\u8b19\u7684\u8036\u7a4c\uff0c\u8acb\u4f7f\u6211\u5fc3\u76f8\u4f3c\u4f60\u5fc3\u2026\u2026\u6211\u8b19\u6291\u81ea\u4e0b\u6642\uff0c\u8981\u5b8c\u5168\u4fdd\u6301\u7dd8\u9ed8\u3002\u300f\u300d<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u7684\u8654\u656c\u548c\u8b19\u905c\u6beb\u4e0d\u865b\u507d\u3002\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u7684\u8b19\u905c\u51fa\u65bc\u771f\u8aa0\uff0c\u4e0d\u6703\u50cf\u5f31\u8005\u822c\u6642\u5e38\u7121\u75c5\u547b\u541f\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8b19\u905c\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u7279\u9ede\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5c0a\u91cd\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u521d\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u7372\u5f97\u773e\u4eba\u7684\u611b\u6234\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u8207\u81ea\u5df1\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c \u4ed6\u5011\u90fd\u662f\u8056\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300c\u6211\u8981\u6210\u8056\u300d\uff1a<\/strong>\u79d1\u5229\u4f50\u7684\u795e\u4fee\u57f9\u80b2\u63a1\u7528\u8056\u4f9d\u7d0d\u7235\u7684\u795e\u4fee\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8056\u985e\u65af\u3001\u8056\u82e5\u7ff0\u2027\u4f2f\u6eff(St. John Berchmans)\u3001\u8056\u9054\u5c3c\u8001(St. Stanislaus Koska)\u7b49\u81ea\u7136\u6210\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684\u8056\u5fb7\u6a21\u7bc4\u3002\u65e9\u5728\u51b7\u7167\u751f\u6d3b\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5ea7\u53f3\u9298\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u4e0b\u5b9a\u6c7a\u5fc3\uff0c\u610f\u5fd7\u5805\u5b9a\u3002\u300d\u4ed6\u5728\u521d\u5b78\u671f\u4e4b\u521d\u5beb\u4fe1\u7d66\u6bcd\u89aa\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5df2\u6c7a\u5b9a\u300c\u4e0d\u8a08\u4ee3\u50f9\u5730\u6210\u8056\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5929\u4e3b\u5df2\u8cdc \u7d66\u6211\u7121\u6578\u7684\u6069\u5bf5\u300d\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u591a\u5e74\u5f8c\u5beb\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u5c0f\u518a\u5b50\u300a\u6709\u5fd7\u8005\uff0c\u4e8b\u7adf\u6210\u300b(Voleree potere)\u3002\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u6df1\u4fe1\uff0c\u70ba\u771f\u6b63\u8a8d\u8b58\u81ea\u5df1\u53ca\u5b78\u7fd2\u7ba1\u5236\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u9ed8\u60f3\u7948\u79b1\u548c\u7701\u5bdf\u662f\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u7684\u521d\u5b78\u5e2b\u5728\u534a\u5e74\u5831\u544a\u4e2d\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u2027\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u662f\u6700\u512a\u79c0\u7684\u521d\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u5177\u5099\u51fa\u773e\u7684\u54c1\u5fb7\u548c\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u670d\u5f9e\u65b9\u9762\u582a\u7a31\u5178\u7bc4\u3002\u4ed6\u7d93\u5e38\u627e\u65b9\u6cd5\u8b19\u6291\u81ea\u4e0b\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u900f\u904e\u77ed\u7d93\u6d3b\u65bc\u5929\u4e3b\u7684 \u81e8\u5728\u4e0b\uff0c\u9032\u6b65\u795e\u901f\u3002\u4e0a\u4e3b\u5141\u8a31\u4ed6\u9762\u5c0d\u8a31\u591a\u56b4\u5cfb\u7684\u8003\u9a57\uff0c\u4ed6\u56e0\u6b64\u53d7\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u5929\u4e3b\u6069\u5bf5\u7684\u5354\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u514b\u670d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8003\u9a57\uff0c\u7e7c\u7e8c\u52c7\u6562\u7121\u754f\u5730\u6230\u9b25\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u521d\u5b78\u671f\u5f8c\u534a\u90e8<\/h3>\n

\u96d9\u91cd\u611b\u60c5\uff1a<\/strong>\u5df4\u57f9\u7406\u601d\u795e\u7236\u4ee5\u611b\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u7684\u795e\u4fee\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u4ed6\u521d\u5b78\u671f\u5f8c\u534a\u90e8\uff1a\u656c\u611b\u8036\u7a4c\u8056\u5fc3\u548c\u5b5d\u611b\u8056 \u6bcd\u3002\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u611b\u60c5\u662f\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u5728\u795e\u4fee\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u7a81\u98db\u731b\u9032\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u8056\u9ad4\u6ac3\u5be6\u5728\u662f\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u9748\u4fee\u65e5\u8a18\u4e2d\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u7121\u8ad6\u6211\u5728\u54ea\u88e1\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5728\u5b78\u7fd2\u6216\u6d88\u9063\uff0c\u5728\u98df\u5802\u6216\u5bbf\u820d\uff0c\u6211\u7e3d\u662f\u601d\u6155\u8056\u9ad4\u6ac3\u548c\u8056\u6bcd\u796d\u53f0\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u6211\u8eab\u8655\u4f55\u65b9\uff0c\u90fd\u6703\u900f\u904e\u77ed \u7d93\u5411\u4e0a\u4e3b\u548c\u8056\u6bcd\u8868\u9054\u6211\u7684\u611b\u60c5\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u7279\u5225\u656c\u79ae\uff1a<\/strong>\u4ed6\u5411\u4e0a\u4e3b\u7948\u6c42\u8a31\u591a\u6069\u5bf5\uff1a\u661f\u671f\u4e00\u7948\u6c42\u6f54\u5fb7\uff0c\u661f\u671f\u4e8c\u7948\u6c42\u50b3\u6559\u8056\u53ec\u7684\u6069\u5bf5\uff0c\u661f\u671f\u4e09\u85c9\u8457\u8056\u82e5\u745f\u7684 \u8f49\u79b1\u7948\u6c42\u6f54\u5fb7\u548c\u8b19\u905c\uff0c\u661f\u671f\u56db\u548c\u661f\u671f\u4e94\u7279\u5225\u7948\u6c42\u8036\u7a4c\u8056\u5fc3\u8b93\u4ed6\u7684\u5169\u500b\u670b\u53cb\u6210\u8056\uff0c\u661f\u671f\u516d\u7948\u6c42\u6f54\u5fb7\u548c\u5728\u5c0f\u4e8b\u4e0a\u5fe0\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u4ea6\u8a18\u9304\u4e00\u4e9b\u656c\u79ae\u8056\u6bcd\u7684\u795e\u5de5\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u81ea\u7528\u53ca\u5e6b\u52a9\u5e7e\u500b\u646f\u53cb\uff0c\u8a18\u9304\u65e5\u671f\u61c9\u70ba\u4e94\u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u8207\u8056\u6bcd\u5171\u5ea6\u4e00\u5929\u300d\u3002\u300c\u6e05\u65e9\u8d77\u5e8a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u5411\u8056\u6bcd\u554f\u5b89\uff0c\u665a\u4e0a\u5c31\u5be2\u524d\u6c42\u5979\u795d\u798f\u6211\u5011\uff0c \u6e96\u5099\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5fc3\u5728\u7fcc\u65e5\u76f8\u7a31\u5730\u9818\u8056\u9ad4\u3002\u958b\u59cb\u5de5\u4f5c\u524d\uff0c\u6216\u7d93\u904e\u5979\u7684\u8056\u76f8\u6216\u8056\u50cf\u6642\uff0c\u61c9\u518d\u6b21\u7948\u6c42\u5979\u7684\u795d\u798f\uff1a\u5b78\u7fd2\u9047\u4e0a\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u61c9\u7948\u6c42\u300e\u4e0a\u667a\u4e4b\u5ea7\u300f\uff0c\u5728\u66f8\u672c\u4e0a\u5beb\u4e0a\u5979\u7684\u540d\u865f\u6216\u7c21\u7a31\uff0c\u66f8 \u684c\u653e\u7f6e\u5979\u7684\u8056\u76f8\u3002\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u7d93\u5e38\u5230\u5979\u7684\u796d\u58c7\uff0c\u4ee5\u7a1a\u5b50\u7684\u4fe1\u8cf4\u5168\u5fc3\u4ea4\u6258\u7d66\u5979\uff0c\u5411\u5979\u50be\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u6210\u6557\u3001\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6c7a\u5fc3\u3001\u52aa\u529b\u548c\u56f0\u96e3\u3002\u5979\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6bcd\u89aa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u5411\u5979\u50be \u8a34\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u5ba3\u767c\u6c38\u9858<\/h3>\n

\u4e03\u6708\u5e95\u8003\u8a66\u7d50\u675f\u5f8c\uff0c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u986f\u7136\u5f88\u75b2\u5026\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u9577\u4e0a\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8b93\u4ed6\u548c\u4e00\u500b\u540c\u4f34\u5230\u51b7\u7167\u53bb\u4f11\u606f\u3002\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236\u52de\u788c\u7684\u7f85\u99ac\u4e4b\u884c\u7d50\u675f\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5230\u51b7\u7167\u5c0f\u4f11\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u5728\u51b7\u7167\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u8207\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8 \u795e\u7236\u4ea4\u8ac7\u6578\u5c0f\u6642\u3002\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u8fd4\u56de\u79d1\u5229\u4f50\u5f8c\uff0c\u521d\u5b78\u751f\u958b\u59cb\u9032\u884c\u9000\u7701\uff0c\u70ba\u4e00\u516b\u516b\u4e03\u5e74\u4e5d\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\u65e5\u8209\u884c\u7684\u5ba3\u767c\u8056\u9858\u4f5c\u597d\u6e96\u5099\u3002\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236\u7b54\u61c9\u5230\u79d1\u5229\u4f50\u53c3\u52a0\u6176\u5178\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u56e0\u5065\u5eb7\u65e5\u6f38\u8870 \u9000\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u6210\u884c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u521d\u5b78\u751f\u9808\u524d\u5f80\u74e6\u6c99\u5229\u5207(Valsalice)\uff0c\u7531\u9b91\u8056\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u4e3b\u6301\u767c\u9858\u5100\u5f0f\u3002\u4e00\u516b\u516b\u4e03\u5e74\u5341\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u65e5\uff0c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u2027\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u5728\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236\u9762\u524d\u5ba3\u767c\u6c38\u9858\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u6649\u9438\u57f9\u80b2<\/h3>\n

\u54f2\u5b78\u57f9\u80b2(\u74e6\u6c99\u5229\u5207)<\/h3>\n

\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u4fee\u751f\u5728\u74e6\u6c99\u5229\u5207\u63a5\u53d7\u521d\u5b78\u5f8c\u57f9\u80b2\u3002\u90a3\u88e1\u6709\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u57f9\u80b2\u5c0e\u5e2b\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u71b1\u8aa0\u89aa\u5207\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u6c42\u6975\u9ad8\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u8f03\u559c\u6b61\u6587\u5b78\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6a23\u52aa\u529b\u5b78\u7fd2\u5176\u4ed6\u79d1\u76ee\u3002\u300c\u6211\u6703\u6548\u6cd5\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236\u5584 \u7528\u5149\u9670\u3002\u5b78\u696d\u672c\u5206\u70ba\u5148\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c1a\u672a\u6eab\u7fd2\u597d\u6bcf\u5929\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u6703\u95b1\u8b80\u5176\u4ed6\u66f8\u7c4d\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u795e\u4fee\u66f8\u7c4d\u3002\u300d\u7562\u585e\u7279\u795e\u7236(Fr. Piscetta)\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u51fa\u65bc\u670d\u5f9e\u800c\u5b78\u7fd2\u3002\u6211\u6562\u8aaa\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u6b72\u6708\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ecd\u53ea\u70ba\u5149\u69ae\u5929\u4e3b\u800c\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e26\u6e34\u671b\u6e96\u5099\u81ea\u5df1\u9020\u798f\u4eba\u9748\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u9577\u4e4b\u9918\uff0c\u4ea6\u91cd\u8996\u9748\u6027\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6210\u9577\u3002\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236\u901d\u4e16\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ed8\u51fa\u6975\u5927\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u6548\u6cd5\u4ed6\u7684\u5049\u5927\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u9019\u4f4d\u5e74\u9752\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u6703\u58eb\u5beb\u4fe1\u7d66\u6bcd\u89aa\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u73fe\u5728\u53ea\u5e0c\u671b\u76f8 \u7a31\u5730\u4f5c\u6703\u7956\u7684\u795e\u5b50\u3002\u300d\u70ba\u6d88\u9664\u611f\u60c5\u7528\u4e8b\u7684\u5371\u96aa\uff0c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u4fee\u751f\u8acb\u6c42\u9577\u4e0a\u6279\u51c6\u4ed6\u4f5c\u7279\u5225\u7684\u88dc\u8d16\uff0c\u4f46\u9577\u4e0a\u6c92\u6709\u6279\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u795e\u8056\u7684\u53cb\u8abc<\/h3>\n

\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u71b1\u5fc3\u89aa\u5207\uff0c\u6e34\u671b\u8207\u6027\u60c5\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u4eba\u7d50\u70ba\u646f\u53cb\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u51b7\u7167\u548c\u79d1\u5229\u4f50\u4e5f\u6709\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u89aa\u5bc6\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u74e6\u6c99\u5229\u5207\u7d50\u7e54\u7684\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u591a\u2027\u67e5\u6258\u91cc\u65af\u57fa(Augustus Czartoryski)\uff0c\u6d41\u4ea1\u6cd5\u570b\u7684\u6ce2\u862d\u738b\u5b50\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u4fee\u751f\u662f\u5728\u79d1\u5229\u4f50\u521d\u9047\u738b\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u5728\u74e6\u6c99\u5229\u5207\u958b\u59cb\u6df1\u4ea4\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u646f\u53cb\u3002\u9577\u4e0a\u4e0d\u4f46\u6c92\u6709\u963b\u6493\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9f13\u52f5\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u53cb \u8abc\u3002\u5728\u5e74\u7d42\uff0c\u4fee\u9662\u8b93\u8eab\u9ad4\u865b\u5f31\u7684\u5967\u53e4\u65af\u591a\u795e\u7236\u5230\u8cd3\u5357\u9ad8(Penango)\u990a\u75c5\uff0c\u9084\u5b89\u6392\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u966a\u4f34\u548c\u5e6b\u52a9\u4ed6\uff0c\u4e26\u9f13\u52f5\u4ed6\u5b9a\u6642\u6563\u6b65\u548c\u505a\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u7fcc\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u66f4\u52a0\u5bc6\u5207\u3002\u738b \u5b50\u518d\u6b21\u751f\u75c5\uff0c\u88ab\u9001\u5230\u51b7\u7167\u4f11\u990a\uff0c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u518d\u6b21\u7372\u6d3e\u4f5c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4f34\u548c\u8b77\u5b88\u5929\u4f7f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6559\u5b78\u751f\u6d3b<\/h3>\n

\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7d50\u675f\u5f8c\uff0c\u5728\u79d1\u5229\u4f50\u4efb\u6559\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u5b78\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6bd4\u4e00\u822c\u8001\u5e2b\u66f4\u7e41\u91cd\uff0c\u9808\u517c\u9867\u76e3\u7763\u9752\u5e74\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u8981\u9032\u4fee\u795e\u5b78\u53ca\u4fee\u8b80\u5927\u5b78\u5b78\u4f4d\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u6700\u91cd\u8996\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u9032\u5ea6\uff0c \u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u72a7\u7272\u4ed6\u71b1\u611b\u7684\u6587\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n

\u83ef\u96f7\u795e\u7236(Father Valle)\u61b6\u8ff0\uff1a\u300c\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u4fee\u751f\u6709\u4e09\u500b\u672c\u5206\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u672c\u5206\u90fd\u8db3\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4eba\u5fd9\u5f97\u4e0d\u53ef\u958b\u4ea4\u3002\u4ed6\u4e00\u5411\u4ee5\u4fe1\u5fb7\u548c\u670d\u5f9e\u7cbe\u795e\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u628a\u6559\u5b78\u5de5\u4f5c\u653e\u5728\u9996\u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u624d\u662f\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u672c \u5206\u3002\u300d\u4ed6\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u76ee\u7779\u4ed6\u715e\u8cbb\u82e6\u5fc3\u5730\u5099\u8ab2\uff1a\u53c3\u8003\u5927\u91cf\u66f8\u85c9\u3001\u5beb\u4e0b\u5927\u5806\u7b46\u8a18\u3001\u6bcf\u5929\u6279\u6539\u8a31\u591a\u4f5c\u696d\u2026\u2026\u300d\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6a19\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7cbe\u795e\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u4f7f\u6559\u5b78\u5de5\u4f5c \u5177\u6709\u8d85\u6027\u7684\u5e45\u5ea6\u3002\u4ed6\u5beb\u4fe1\u7d66\u4e00\u4f4d\u5411\u4ed6\u8acb\u6559\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u4e0d\u61c9\u904e\u5206\u5730\u628a\u8ab2\u5ba4\u8b8a\u70ba\u8056\u5802\uff0c\u628a\u6388\u8ab2\u6210\u70ba\u8b1b\u9053\u3002\u5fc5\u9808\u76e1\u8cac\u50b3\u6388\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u4f46\u5225\u5fd8\u8a18\u6559\u5e2b\u4ea6\u9808\u517c\u9867\u57f9\u80b2\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u54c1\u5fb7\uff0c\u9019\u4ea6\u662f\u6559 \u5e2b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u300d\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u5728\u5a1b\u6a02\u6d3b\u52d5\u6a39\u7acb\u5584\u8868\u8207\u6559\u5b78\u540c\u6a23\u91cd\u8981\uff1a\u300c\u61c9\u8b93\u5b78\u751f\u611f\u5230\u6211\u5011\u656c\u754f\u5929\u4e3b\uff0c\u9075\u5b88\u7942\u7684\u8aa1\u547d\uff0c\u7942\u7684\u611b\u662f\u6211\u5011\u6240\u6709\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u52d5\u529b\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u62b1\u6059\u5728\u8eab\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u4e0d\u61c8<\/h3>\n

\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u4ed6\u600e\u80fd\u540c\u6642\u517c\u9867\u90a3\u9ebc\u591a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u4fee\u8b80\u795e\u5b78\u3001\u6559\u6388\u4e00\u767e\u500b\u9752\u5e74\u3001\u5f80\u675c\u6797\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u807d\u8b1b\u8ab2\u3002\u4ed6\u53ea\u5728\u661f\u671f\u56db\u4e0d\u7528\u6388\u8ab2\u6642\u5230\u5927\u5b78\uff0c\u6bcf\u9031\u807d\u8ab2\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4ee5\u7b26\u5408\u61c9\u8003\u8cc7\u683c\u3002\u4ed6\u501f \u52a9\u540c\u5b78\u7684\u7b46\u8a18\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u8ddf\u4e0a\u5927\u5b78\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u5065\u5eb7\u6b20\u4f73\uff0c\u6bcf\u9031\u5230\u4e09\u5341\u54e9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u675c\u6797\u4e26\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u51ac\u5b63\u3002\u6709\u5e7e\u6b21\uff0c\u4ed6\u8981\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\u624d\u6709\u6c23\u529b\u56de\u4f86\uff0c\u7d04\u5728\u4e0a\u5348\u516b\u6642\u4e09\u5341\u5206\u8fd4\u62b5 \u6703\u9662\uff0c\u5148\u53bb\u9818\u8056\u9ad4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6642\u9593\u8a31\u53ef\u4fbf\u5403\u65e9\u9910\uff0c\u4f46\u7e3d\u662f\u6e96\u6642\u4e0a\u8ab2\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u675c\u6797\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u5b78\u76f8\u8655\u5f8c\uff0c\u60f3\u5230\u70ba\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u795e\u76ca\u6210\u7acb\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u540c\u5b78\u6703\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u9019\u500b\u7d44\u7e54\u57f9\u80b2\u4e86\u771f\u798f\u5085\u55ac\u6cbb (Blessed Pier Giorgio Frassati)\u7b49\u8056\u5584\u9752\u5e74\u3002\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u975e\u5e38\u52e4\u596e\uff0c\u7d55\u4e0d\u6d6a\u8cbb\u5206\u79d2\u6642\u9593\u3002\u4ed6\u61c2\u5f97\u5982\u4f55\u4e0d\u614c\u4e0d\u5fd9\u5730\u76e1\u5feb\u628a\u5de5\u4f5c\u505a\u597d\u3002\u56db\u500b\u6708\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u4e8b\u4e8b\u9806\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u6708\u67d0\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u5982\u5e38\u5230\u675c\u6797\u5927\u5b78\u807d\u8ab2\u3002\u4ed6\u865b\u5f31\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u627f\u53d7\u4e0d\u4e86\u52de\u7d2f\u7684\u706b\u8eca\u65c5\u7a0b\uff0c\u7d42\u65bc\u60a3\u4e0a\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u51fa\u8840\u75c7\u75c5\u5012\u4e86\u3002\u4e00\u516b\u4e5d\u4e00\u5e74\u4e8c\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u65e5\u662f\u4ed6\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u8f49\u6369\u9ede\u3002\u90a3\u5929\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u4ed6\u518d\u6c92\u6709 \u56de\u5fa9\u5065\u5eb7\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u4f4d\u8056\u6f54\u7684\u4fee\u751f\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u53d7\u82e6\u662f\u7279\u6069\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236\u66fe\u5411\u4ed6\u7684\u795e\u5b50\u5011\u4fdd\u8b49\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u6703\u58eb\u56e0\u904e\u52de\u800c\u6b7b\uff0c\u4fee\u6703\u4fbf\u7372\u5f97\u52dd\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u53f8\u9438\u751f\u6d3b<\/h3>\n

\u7121\u6cd5\u5eb7\u5fa9<\/h3>\n

\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u5728\u516b\u6708\u5e95\u96e2\u958b\u85a9\u74e6(Savoy)\u5f80\u675c\u6797\uff0c\u9014\u7d93\u5bb6\u9109\u5967\u7f8e\u826f\uff0c\u9577\u4e0a\u5e0c\u671b\u5bb6\u9109\u74b0\u5883\u5c0d\u4ed6\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002\u81e8\u8fd1\u51ac\u5b63\uff0c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u4fee\u751f\u96e2\u958b\u5967\u7f8e\u826f\uff0c\u5f80\u6c23\u5019\u8f03\u6eab\u548c\u7684\u963f\u62c9\u897f\u5967\u53bb\uff0c \u7fcc\u5e74\u6625\u5b63\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u660e\u986f\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u82b1\u9ede\u6642\u9593\u4fee\u8b80\u795e\u5b78\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u611f\u5230\u9019\u53ea\u662f\u66ab\u6642\u6027\u7684\u6539\u5584\u3002\u4ed6\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u670d\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u958b\u7d66\u6211\u7684\u85e5\uff0c\u4f46\u6b63\u5728\u6e96\u5099\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u4ec1\u6148\u7684\u4e0a\u4e3b\u8b93\u6211\u89aa\u5617\u7942\u7684 \u6069\u5bf5\uff0c\u6211\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u8208\u3002\u300d\u79d1\u5229\u4f50\u53ca\u74e6\u6c99\u5229\u5207\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u90fd\u7948\u6c42\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u65e9\u65e5\u5eb7\u5fa9\u3002\u6bcf\u7576\u9ad4\u529b\u8a31\u53ef\uff0c\u9019\u4f4d\u5929\u4e3b\u5fe0\u50d5\u4fbf\u6eab\u7fd2\u795e\u5b78\u3002\u9577\u4e0a\u548c\u6703\u58eb\u4e5f\u76fc\u671b\u4ed6\u6649\u9438\u3002\u7d42\u65bc\uff0c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u2027\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u7372\u8c41\u514d \u9075\u5b88\u8056\u6559\u6cd5\u5178\u7684\u5e74\u9f61\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u65bc\u4e00\u516b\u4e5d\u4e09\u5e74\u4e00\u6708\u516b\u65e5\u6649\u9438\uff0c\u5100\u5f0f\u5728\u83ef\u9053\u8c37\u7684\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236\u5c0f\u5802\u8209\u884c\uff0c\u7531\u8cc8\u70c8\u52de\u4e3b\u6559\u4e3b\u6301\uff0c\u53ea\u4f9b\u89aa\u53cb\u51fa\u5e2d\u3002\u4ed6\u6bcd\u89aa\u53ea\u80fd\u8d95\u53ca\u53c3\u52a0\u4ed6\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u8209\u884c\u7684\u611f\u6069 \u796d\u3002\u4e94\u6708\u5e95\uff0c\u4ed6\u807d\u5f9e\u91ab\u751f\u52f8\u544a\uff0c\u4e5f\u70ba\u4e86\u8b93\u7236\u6bcd\u9ad8\u8208\uff0c\u8f49\u5230\u5967\u7f8e\u826f\u990a\u75c5\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u9010\u6f38\u6062\u5fa9\u9ad4\u529b\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u611b\u8b77\u7aae\u4eba\u548c\u5b69\u5b50\u4f86\u8868\u9054\u4ed6\u7684\u53f8\u9438\u71b1\u5ff1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u75c5\u60c5\u56b4\u91cd<\/h3>\n

\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u770b\u4f3c\u65e5\u6f38\u597d\u8f49\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u66f4\u80fd\u524d\u5f80\u5c71\u4e0a\u7684\u8056\u5802\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4ed6\u5e74\u5c11\u6642\u7d93\u5e38\u5230\u8a2a\u4e4b\u5730\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u640d\u8017\u4e86\u904e\u591a\u9ad4\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u56b4\u91cd\u51fa\u8840\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u4fbf\u75c5\u91cd\u5782\u5371\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9818\u4e86\u81e8\u7d42\u8056\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5e7e\u5929 \u5f8c\u53c8\u597d\u8f49\u904e\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6e34\u671b\u6b7b\u5728\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236\u8eab\u65c1<\/h3>\n

\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4ed6\u5c11\u5e74\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u4f86\u63a2\u8a2a\uff0c\u4ed6\u6b61\u559c\u5730\u8d77\u5e8a\u554f\u5019\u4ed6\uff0c\u4f46\u7121\u529b\u5730\u5012\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u61f7\u4e2d\u3002\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5f80\u65e5\u6240\u61a7\u61ac\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u5145\u6c9b\u7684\u7a4d\u6975\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5df2\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u75c5\u5df2\u7121\u6cd5\u75ca \u7652\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u66fe\u6709\u4e00\u523b\u611f\u5230\u6cae\u55aa\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5feb\u53c8\u91cd\u7372\u5fc3\u9748\u7684\u5e73\u5b89\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u6df1\u4fe1\u9019\u75c5\u860a\u85cf\u8457\u5929\u4e3b\u7684\u65e8\u610f\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u8056\u8a60\u8a69\u4eba\u6240\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u4f9d\u7167\u7962\u7684\u8a13\u4ee4\uff0c\u9075\u884c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u6b63\u9053\u3002\u300d(\u8a6016:4)<\/p>\n

\u79cb\u5b63\u5c07\u81f3\uff0c\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u795e\u7236\u8868\u793a\u60f3\u8fd4\u56de\u4fee\u6703\u5927\u5bb6\u5ead\u3002\u4ed6\u61c7\u6c42\u9577\u4e0a\u8c41\u514d\u4ed6\u670d\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u85e5\u7269\u548c\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5225\u7642\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8f49\u63db\u74b0\u5883\u3001\u6602\u8cb4\u7684\u7279\u5225\u85e5\u7269\u7b49\u3002\u9577\u4e0a\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u9019\u8acb\u6c42\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5341\u6708\u5230\u675c\u6797 \u53bb\u3002\u4ed6\u62b5\u9054\u74e6\u6c99\u5229\u5207\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f4f\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u773a\u671b\u8056\u9ad4\u6ac3\u7684\u623f\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5beb\u4f5c\u7684\u4f7f\u5f92\u5de5\u4f5c<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u4e00\u516b\u4e5d\u56db\u5e74\u5e95\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u795e\u7236\u958b\u59cb\u5beb\u4f5c\uff0c\u65bc\u81e8\u7d42\u524d\u5341\u5929\u624d\u64f1\u7b46\u3002\u4ed6\u5148\u8207\u8cbb\u91cc\u6559\u6388(Professor Ferri)\u64b0\u5beb\u591a\u7bc7\u6709\u95dc\u7576\u4ee3\u5916\u570b\u6587\u5b78\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u5176\u5f8c\u64b0\u5beb\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u25cf \u300a\u8056\u746a\u5229\u4e9e\u2027\u746a\u52a0\u5229\u5927\u50b3\u8a18\u300b(1894)\u3001\u300a\u8056\u65b9\u6fdf\u2027\u4e9e\u897f\u897f\u50b3\u300b(1895)<\/p>\n

\u25cf \u300a\u8056\u8c9e\u5fb7\u50b3\u300b(1895)\u3001\u300a\u8056\u674e\u5fb7\u6587\u50b3\u300b(St. Lidwin, 1895)\u3001\u300a\u73cd\u73e0\u8207\u5bf6\u77f3\u300b(Perle e Diamanti, 1896)<\/p>\n

\u25cf \u300a\u610f\u5fd7\u5c31\u662f\u529b\u91cf\u300b(Volere e\u2019Potere)\u3001\u300a\u5c0f\u7f6a\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8056\u591a\u746a\u65af\u2027\u6469\u723e\u300b(\u5287\u4f5c)\u3001\u300a\u62ff\u7834\u5d19\u50b3\u300b\u25cf \u300a\u6668\u661f\u300b(Aurora degli astri)\u3001\u300a\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236\u683c\u8a00\u300b<\/p>\n

\u25cf \u300a\u8056\u82e5\u7ff0\u2027\u5587\u6c99\u50b3\u300b(St. John de la Salle)\u3001\u300a\u8056\u9054\u5c3c\u8001\u50b3\u300b(St. Stanislaus Kostka)\u3001\u901d\u4e16\u5f8c\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u8056\u7336\u5229\u53ca\u8056\u5112\u91cc\u5b89\u50b3\u300b(St. Julius and Julianus)<\/p>\n

\u8056\u5fb7\u662d\u8457<\/h2>\n

\u7948\u79b1\u751f\u6d3b<\/h3>\n

\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u81e8\u7d42\u524d\u6578\u5e74\u7279\u5225\u5728\u7948\u79b1\u3001\u75db\u82e6\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5ea6\u904e\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u5c0d\u4e00\u4f4d\u646f\u53cb\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4eba\u4eba\u90fd\u8981\u5c65\u884c\u672c\u5206\u3002\u4f60\u6709\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u5c31\u8a72\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6536\u56de\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u6211\u4fbf\u8981\u53d7\u82e6\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4fee\u6703\u9700\u8981\u53d7 \u82e6\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u8acb\u70ba\u6211\u7948\u79b1\uff0c\u597d\u4f7f\u6211\u76e1\u5fe0\u8077\u5b88\u3002\u300d\u4ed6\u6bcf\u5929\u6e05\u65e9\u4e94\u6642\u8d77\u5e8a\uff0c\u82b1\u6578\u5c0f\u6642\u7948\u79b1\u548c\u5b78\u7fd2\u3002\u671d\u62dc\u8056\u9ad4\u7684\u6642\u9593\u70ba\u4ed6\u7576\u7136\u662f\u5145\u6eff\u795e\u6a02\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u74e6\u6c99\u5229\u5207\u9996\u5169\u5e74\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u5728\u9b91\u601d\u9ad8\u795e\u7236 \u4e4b\u5893\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6182\u82e6\u4e4b\u6bcd\u5c0f\u8056\u5802\u4e3b\u6301\u611f\u6069\u796d\u3002\u70ba\u4ed6\u8f14\u5f4c\u6492\u7684\u4fee\u58eb\u4f5c\u8b49\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4ed6\u8654\u8aa0\u5730\u8209\u884c\u611f\u6069\u796d\uff0c\u9010\u5b57\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u8aa6\u5538\u79b1\u6587\u2026\u2026\u4ed6\u5fc3\u5730\u5584\u826f\u3001\u9762\u5bb9\u7165\u767c\u5929\u4e0a\u7684\u5149\u8f1d\uff0c\u5c0d\u6211\u5fae\u4e0d\u8db3\u9053\u7684\u670d \u52d9\u5145\u6eff\u611f\u6fc0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u958b\u59cb\u671f\u5f85\u70ba\u4ed6\u8f14\u5f4c\u6492\u2500\u2500\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u5728\u70ba\u8056\u4eba\u8f14\u5f4c\u6492\u3002\u300d\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u795e\u7236\u662f\u4fe1\u3001\u671b\u3001\u611b\u4e09\u5fb7\u7684\u5178\u7bc4\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4e00\u4f4d\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6703\u58eb\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u795e\u7236\u662f\u5426\u8056 \u4eba\uff1f\u7576\u7136\u662f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u8056\u4eba\uff0c\u51fa\u985e\u62d4\u8403\uff01\u300d<\/p>\n

\u8056\u5973\u5c0f\u5fb7\u862d\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u552f\u6709\u8b19\u905c\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u8207\u5929\u4e3b\u7d50\u5408\u3002\u300d\u6beb\u7121\u7591\u554f\uff0c\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u795e\u7236\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7948\u79b1\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u65e5\u76ca\u6e34\u671b\u8b19\u905c\u53ca\u99b4\u670d\u65bc\u5929\u4e3b\uff1a\u300c\u4e0a\u4e3b\uff0c\u6c42\u7962\u4f7f\u6211\u8b19\u905c\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8b19\u905c\u3002\u300d\u767d\u5fb7 \u7f8e\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4fee\u6703\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u540d\u518a\uff0c\u70ba\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u7948\u79b1\uff0c\u4e0a\u81f3\u7e3d\u6703\u9577\uff0c\u4e0b\u81f3\u6700\u5e74\u9752\u7684\u521d\u5b78\u751f\u3002\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u5411\u5929\u4e3b\u9673\u8ff0\u6bcd\u4f51\u6703\u6240\u6709\u4fee\u9662\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5979\u5011\u7684\u521d\u5b78\u9662\u3002<\/p>\n

\u70ba\u6574\u500b\u6559\u6703\u5949\u737b\u81ea\u5df1<\/h3>\n

\u4e00\u516b\u4e5d\u4e94\u5e74\u5341\u4e8c\u6708\u5341\u4e94\u65e5\uff0c\u9019\u4f4d\u8056\u6f54\u7684\u53f8\u9438\u5728\u8056\u795e\u7684\u7279\u5225\u63a8\u52d5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u64b0\u5beb\u79b1\u6587\uff0c\u70ba\u6559\u5b97\u3001\u4e3b\u6559\u3001\u53f8\u9438\u3001\u7537\u5973\u4fee\u9053\u8005\u3001\u53d7\u82e6\u8005\u3001\u7149\u9748\u3001\u5916\u90a6\u4eba\u7684\u5f97\u6551\u7b49\u6574\u500b\u6559\u6703\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u737b\u4e0a \u81ea\u5df1\u4f5c\u70ba\u72a7\u7272\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u737b\u4e0a\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u72a7\u7272\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5176\u4ed6\u661f\u7403\u4e0a\u6709\u4eba\u5c45\u4f4f\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u6551\u8d16\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u737b\u4e0a\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u300d\u9019\u7bc7\u79b1\u6587\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u662f\u5728\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u6bb5\uff1a\u300c\u4e0a\u4e3b\uff0c\u6c42\u7962\u62ef\u6551\u773e \u4eba\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8cac\u7f70\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u5c31\u5920\u4e86\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9bae\u8840\u7c3d\u7f72\u9019\u7bc7\u5049\u5927\u7684\u79b1\u8a5e\u5f8c\uff0c\u9644\u4e0a\u4e94\u5927\u6d32\u5730\u5716\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u61f7\u4e2d\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u6bcf\u6b21\u5fc3\u8df3\u737b\u7d66\u4e0a\u4e3b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53d7\u82e6\u7684\u4f7f\u5f92<\/h3>\n

\u4ed6\u5728\u6668\u79b1\u6642\uff0c\u611f\u8b1d\u5929\u4e3b\u5275\u9020\u4ed6\u3001\u6551\u8d16\u4ed6\u3001\u8b93\u4ed6\u6210\u70ba\u53f8\u9438\u53ca\u4fee\u9053\u4eba\uff0c\u4ea6\u611f\u8b1d\u5929\u4e3b\u300c\u8cdc\u6211\u75be\u75c5\u4f5c\u70ba\u6210\u8056\u7684\u9014\u5f91\u300d\u3002\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u8c9d\u9b6f\u5947\u795e\u7236(Fr. Bertolucci)\u540c\u60c5\u4ed6\u7684\u75c5\u82e6\uff0c\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u771f\u53ef\u60dc\uff0c\u4f60\u751f\u75c5\u4e86\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u5de5\u4f5c\u2026\u2026\u300d\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u795e\u7236\u6253\u65b7\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4e0d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u61c9\u9019\u6a23\u8aaa\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u77e5\u9053\u7942\u5728\u5e79\u4ec0\u9ebc\u2026\u2026\u4f60\u7372\u8cdc\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c \u4f46\u6211\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u5c31\u662f\u751f\u75c5\u2026\u2026\u300d\u4ed6\u66fe\u5beb\u4fe1\u7d66\u6bcd\u89aa\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u5929\u4e3b\u591a\u611b\u6211\u554a\uff01\u7942\u5e36\u9818\u6211\u8d70\u904e\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u7684\u82e6\u8def\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u7942\u4fdd\u7559\u7d66\u6240\u611b\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u6210\u8056\u6377\u5f91\u3002\u300d\u9664\u4e86\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u671b\u5fb7\u548c\u6f54\u5fb7\u4e5f \u53d7\u5230\u56b4\u5cfb\u7684\u8003\u9a57\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u7684\u904e\u53bb\uff0c\u4ed6\u65e5\u76ca\u6e34\u671b\u53d7\u82e6\u3002\u4e00\u516b\u4e5d\u4e03\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u51fa\u65bc\u81f3\u9ad8\u4e4b\u611b\uff0c\u5beb\u4fe1\u7d66\u7e3d\u6703\u9577\u5f4c\u984d\u723e\u2027\u76e7\u83ef\u795e\u7236\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u6c92\u6709\u5fa9\u539f\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u9084\u4e0d\u60f3\u6b7b\u53bb\uff0c\u6211\u8981\u6d3b \u8457\uff0c\u53d7\u66f4\u591a\u82e6\u3002\u300d\u4ed6\u4ea6\u8aaa\u904e\uff0c\u85c9\u8457\u5929\u4e3b\u7684\u6069\u5bf5\uff0c\u4ed6\u6a02\u65bc\u5fcd\u53d7\u6240\u6709\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5be9\u5224\u4e4b\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5929\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4ee3\u79b1\u8005<\/h3>\n

\u4ed6\u5728\u9748\u4fee\u65e5\u8a18\u4e2d\uff0c\u900f\u9732\u4ed6\u5982\u4f55\u7f6e\u65bc\u5929\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u5c65\u884c\u4ee3\u79b1\u8005\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u300c\u6211\u5728\u8056\u9ad4\u6ac3\u524d\u61c7\u79b1\u4e94\u5c0f\u6642\uff0c\u7948\u6c42\u7f6a\u4eba\u53ca\u6240\u6709\u7570\u90a6\u571f\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u7688\u4f9d\u3002\u6211\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8207\u8036\u7a4c\u7684\u6148\u60b2\u4e4b\u5fc3\u89d2\u529b\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u4ed6\u62ef\u6551\u773e\u4eba\u3002\u6211\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6a21\u4eff\u96c5\u5404\u4f2f\uff0c\u8207\u5929\u4e3b\u7684\u516c\u7fa9\u89d2\u529b\uff0c\u70ba\u6211\u7684\u5f1f\u5144\u5e73\u606f \u7942\u7684\u7fa9\u6012\u2026\u2026\u300d<\/p>\n

\u8207\u4e16\u9577\u8fad<\/h2>\n

\u8eab\u9ad4\u865b\u5f31\uff0c\u610f\u5fd7\u5805\u5f37<\/h3>\n

\u4e00\u516b\u4e5d\u4e03\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u795e\u7236\u7684\u9ad4\u529b\u660e\u986f\u6025\u5287\u8870\u9000\u3002\u4ed6\u5230\u83ef\u9053\u8c37\u7684\u8056\u6bcd\u9032\u6559\u4e4b\u4f51\u5802\uff0c\u5728\u8056\u6bcd\u796d\u58c7\u524d\u7948\u79b1\u826f\u4e45\uff0c\u4e26\u611f\u8b1d\u5979\u9019\u300c\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u6069\u5bf5\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516d\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u4ed6\u518d\u5ea6\u51fa\u73fe\u56b4\u91cd\u51fa\u8840\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u6b21\u5728\u6578\u5929\u5f8c\u4fbf\u597d\u8f49\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u91cd\u65b0\u6295\u5165\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u8056\u6bcd\u5347\u5929\u7bc0\uff0c\u4ed6\u518d\u6b21\u75c5\u5371\uff0c\u9084\u67d3\u4e0a\u8178\u80c3\u708e\u3002\u7576\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5beb\u4fe1\u7d66\u76e7\u83ef\u795e\u7236\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u9019\u662f\u8056\u6bcd\u7684 \u6069\u8cdc\u3002\u6211\u8d8a\u662f\u75db\u695a\uff0c\u8d8a\u662f\u6e34\u671b\u70ba\u4e0a\u4e3b\u53d7\u82e6\u3002\u300d\u4ed6\u76e1\u5fe0\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u7948\u79b1\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u5beb\u4f5c\u548c\u671d\u62dc\u8056\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b64\u7368\u96e2\u4e16<\/h3>\n

\u4ed6\u66fe\u5c0d\u5df4\u57f9\u7406\u601d\u795e\u7236\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u591a\u5e6b\u52a9\u4e00\u500b\u9748\u9b42\uff0c\u6211\u6a02\u65bc\u627f\u53d7\u9019\u4e9b\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u591a\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5be9\u5224\u4e4b\u65e5\u3002\u300d\u5df4\u57f9\u7406\u601d\u795e\u7236\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6700\u4f7f\u6211\u611f\u52d5\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u84bc\u767d\u6194\u60b4\u7684\u5bb9\u984f\u6df7\u96dc\u4e86\u96e3 \u4ee5\u8a00\u55bb\u7684\u6182\u50b7\u3001\u559c\u6a02\u548c\u5e73\u5b89\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u516b\u4e5d\u4e03\u5e74\u5341\u4e8c\u6708\u4e09\u5341\u65e5\uff0c\u7e3d\u6703\u9577\u63a2\u671b\u60a3\u75c5\u7684\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u795e\u7236\uff0c\u4f46\u6c92\u6709\u5bdf\u89ba\u4ed6\u547d\u4e0d\u4e45\u77e3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u524d\u53bb\u4e3b\u6301\u611f\u6069\u796d\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u9084\u672a\u795d\u8056\u8056\u9ad4\uff0c\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u2027\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u5df2\u5f80\u5929\u4e0a\u63a5\u53d7\u8cde\u5831\u53bb \u4e86\u3002\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u66fe\u7948\u6c42\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4e0a\u4e3b\uff0c\u8acb\u8cdc\u6211\u5206\u64d4\u7962\u906d\u907a\u68c4\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u300d\u4e0a\u4e3b\u4fef\u5141\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u7948\u79b1\u3002\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u9818\u53d7\u81e8\u7d42\u8056\u4e8b\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u795e\u7236\u7d66\u4ed6\u964d\u798f\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5f1f\u5144\u570d\u5728\u5e8a\u908a\u7d66\u4ed6\u81e8\u7d42\u7684\u5b89 \u6170\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u6709\u5287\u70c8\u7684\u75db\u695a\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u611b\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u611f\u5b98\u6170\u85c9\u7684\u611b\uff0c\u662f\u796d\u54c1\u7684\u611b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u4f4d\u8056\u6f54\u53f8\u9438\u7684\u907a\u9ad4\u88ab\u9001\u5230\u795e\u5b78\u9662\u5c0f\u5802\uff0c\u5728\u5c0f\u5802\u8209\u884c\u8ffd\u601d\u5f4c\u6492\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u5929\u4e3b\u524d\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u4ee3\u79b1\u8005\u3002\u6309\u5bb6\u4eba\u610f\u9858\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u907a\u9ad4\u9001\u8fd4\u5bb6\u9109\u5967\u7f8e\u826f\uff0c\u5b89\u846c\u65bc\u4ed6\u9818\u6d17\u7684\u8056\u5802\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5149\u69ae\u5217\u54c1<\/h3>\n

\u5b89\u5fb7\u808b\u2027\u767d\u5fb7\u7f8e\u7684\u5217\u54c1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65bc\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e8c\u96f6\u5e74\u4e03\u6708\u6b63\u5f0f\u5c55\u958b\u3002\u5217\u54c1\u8abf\u67e5\u7d50\u675f\u5f8c\uff0c\u6559\u5b97\u7c3d\u7f72\u6cd5\u4ee4\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d\u4ed6\u5049\u5927\u7684\u5fb7\u884c\u3002\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u516d\u516d\u5e74\u69ae\u5217\u53ef\u656c \u54c1\u3002 <\/p>\n\t

\u00a0\u91cd\u8981\u65e5\u671f<\/h2>\n

1870\u5e74 : \u751f\u65bc\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5967\u7f8e\u826f<\/p>\n

1883\u5e74 : \u5c31\u8b80\u51b7\u7167\u6148\u5e7c\u6703\u5b78\u6821<\/p>\n

1887\u5e74 : \u5ba3\u767c\u6c38\u9858<\/p>\n

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